Vital Signs: Trends and Disparities in Infant Safe Sleep Practices — United States, 2009–2015

Bombard, Jennifer M.; Kortsmit, Katherine; Warner, Lee; Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.; Cox, Shanna; Kroelinger, Charlan D.; Parks, Sharyn E.; Dee, Deborah L.; D’Angelo, Denise V.; Smith, Ruben; Burley, Kim; Morrow, Brian; Olson, Christine K.; Shulman, Holly B.; Harrison, Leslie; Cottengim, Carri; Barfield, Wanda D.

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6701e1

Cited by 69 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In our data, only 15.7% of women reported never bedsharing, and 64.5% reported bedsharing at least sometimes. This is consistent with PRAMS reports from other states; the CDC reported recently that the national PRAMS‐estimated rate of ever bedsharing is 61.4% . Other estimates range from 44% ever bedsharing (reported at 4 months) to 59.5% (reported at 3 months).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…This is consistent with PRAMS reports from other states; the CDC reported recently that the national PRAMS-estimated rate of ever bedsharing is 61.4%. 43 Other estimates range from 44% 44 ever bedsharing (reported at 4 months) to 59.5% 39 (reported at 3 months). This disconnect, that US pediatricians are advising parents against bedsharing, but a substantial proportion of parents are doing it anyway, suggests that our current approach to SIDS prevention is flawed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Women Who Bedshare More Frequently at 14 Weeks Postpartum Subsequently Report Longer Durations of Breastfeeding

Bovbjerg¹,

Hill²,

Uphoff³

et al. 2018

J Midwife Womens Health

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women Who Bedshare More Frequently at 14 Weeks Postpartum Subsequently Report Longer Durations of Breastfeeding

Bovbjerg¹,

Hill²,

Uphoff³

et al. 2018

J Midwife Womens Health

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“…Note, this gave a total SUID rate of 0.96. U.S. subpopulation infant mortality data (2014) came from National Center for Health Statistics (US) (). Breastfeeding data from U.S. subpopulations came from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (). Smoking in pregnancy data came from Child Trends Data Bank (). Female and male smoking rates for the United States and subpopulations for 2015 came from Jamal et al (). Bedsharing and supine sleep data came from U.S. Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System data in 2015 (Bombard et al, ). Sofa‐sharing data in U.S. Blacks came from mortality data in L. Li et al () and Unger et al (). Second‐hand smoke data in U.S.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Bedsharing and supine sleep data came from U.S. Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System data in 2015 (Bombard et al, 2018).…”

Section: Low-prevalence Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sudden infant death and social justice: A syndemics approach

Bartick

Tomori

2018

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) prevention has focused on modifying individual behavioural risk factors, especially bedsharing. Yet these deaths are most common among poor and marginalized people in wealthy countries, including U.S. Blacks, American Indians/Alaskan Natives, New Zealand Māori, Australian Aborigines, indigenous Canadians, and low-income British people. The United States now has the world's highest prevalence of SUID/SIDS, where even Whites' SIDS prevalence now approaches that of the Māori. Using public databases and the literature, we examine SUID/SIDS prevalence and the following risk factors in selected world populations: maternal smoking, preterm birth, alcohol use, poor prenatal care, sleep position, bedsharing, and formula feeding. Our findings suggest that risk factors cluster in high-prevalence populations, many are linked to poverty and discrimination and have independent effects on perinatal outcomes. Moreover, populations with the world's lowest rates of SUID/SIDS have low-income inequality or high relative wealth, yet have high to moderate rates of bedsharing. Employing syndemics theory, we suggest that disproportionately high prevalence of SUID/SIDS is primarily the result of socially driven, co-occurring epidemics that may act synergistically to amplify risk. SUID must be examined through the lens of structural inequity and the legacy of historical trauma. Emphasis on bedsharing may divert attention from risk reduction from structural interventions, breastfeeding, prenatal care, and tobacco cessation. Medical organizations play an important role in advocating for policies that address the root causes of infant mortality via poverty and discrimination interventions, tobacco control, and culturally appropriate support to families.

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“…Similarly, the number of rural infant sleep-related deaths is four times the number of urban infant sleep-related deaths [10]. White parents (84%) place infants on their back to sleep more often than Black parents (62%) [11,12]. Additionally, Black parents are twice as likely to share an adult bed with their infants compared to White parents [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field assessment of a safe sleep instrument using smartphone technology

Nabaweesi

Whiteside-Mansell

Mullins

et al. 2019

J. Clin. Trans. Sci.

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Introduction: Sudden unexpected infant death is the leading cause of infant mortality with black: white infant mortality remaining at 2:1 for the last decade. Smartphone technology provides a convenient and accessible tool for injury prevention anticipatory guidance among at-risk communities. Materials and Methods: A convenience sample of pregnant teen mothers who own a smartphone. During a 1-month postnatal home visit, a safe sleep environment survey was administered, infant sleep practices were observed, and mothers trained to take and submit standard infants’ sleep environment photographs. Photographs were independently assessed for inter-rater reliability (IRR) across five sleep safety domains (primary outcome): sleep location, surface, position, presence of soft items, and hazards near the sleep area. Expert and novice coders IRR was measured using Cohen’s kappa coefficient (K). Sleep safety correlation between photographs and observation, and parent report and observation was determined. Results: Sixteen (57.1%) mothers completed the home visit. Most parents reported infants sleeping supine (78.5) in parents’ bedroom (85.9%). Photographs demonstrated sleep position, soft items without the baby present, and hanging toys had perfect agreement across all three coder pairs. Safe sleep experts’ IRR demonstrated perfect agreement for sleep location, position, and soft items. While 83.8% of parents were observed putting their infants down to sleep on their back, 78.5% of parents reported doing the same and 82.4% of the photographs demonstrated supine infant sleep position. Conclusion: Using photographs, coders can reliably categorize some key infant sleep safety aspects, and photograph sleep safety is comparable to parent report and direct observation.

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Vital Signs: Trends and Disparities in Infant Safe Sleep Practices — United States, 2009–2015

Cited by 69 publications

References 15 publications

Women Who Bedshare More Frequently at 14 Weeks Postpartum Subsequently Report Longer Durations of Breastfeeding

Women Who Bedshare More Frequently at 14 Weeks Postpartum Subsequently Report Longer Durations of Breastfeeding

Sudden infant death and social justice: A syndemics approach

Field assessment of a safe sleep instrument using smartphone technology

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