Visuomotor brain network activation and functional connectivity among individuals with autism spectrum disorder

Abstract

Sensorimotor abnormalities are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and predictive of functional outcomes, though their neural underpinnings remain poorly understood. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we examined both brain activation and functional connectivity during visuomotor behavior in 27 individuals with ASD and 30 typically developing (TD) controls (ages 9-35 years). Participants maintained a constant grip force while receiving visual feedback at three different visual gain levels. Relative to controls, ASD participants showed increased force variability, especially at high gain, and reduced entropy. Brain activation was greater in individuals with ASD than controls in supplementary motor area, bilateral superior parietal lobules, and left middle frontal gyrus at high gain. During motor action, functional connectivity was reduced between parietal-premotor and parietal-putamen in individuals with ASD compared to controls. Individuals with ASD also showed greater age-associated increases in functional connectivity between cerebellum and visual, motor, and prefrontal cortical areas relative to controls. These results indicate that visuomotor deficits in ASD are associated with atypical activation and functional connectivity of posterior parietal, premotor, and striatal circuits involved in translating sensory feedback information into precision motor behaviors, and that functional connectivity of cerebellar-cortical sensorimotor and non-sensorimotor networks show delayed maturation.

Retained Primitive Reflexes and Potential for Intervention in Autistic Spectrum Disorders

“…This can be associated with significant synchronization and temporal coherence dysfunction, decreasing large cortical networks between the two hemispheres from binding temporally and spatially. This can result in a functional disconnection syndrome ( 88 , 102 , 135 , 137 , 279 , 289 , 290 ).…”

“…( 44)]. As these cortical networks become more connected and integrated, they increase the speed of their interaction, and their synchronization improves, allowing more areas to be activated simultaneously (24,39,(278)(279)(280)(281)(282).…”

Systematic Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis of Research Hotspots and Trends on Autism Spectrum Disorder Neuroimaging

“…He et al used MRI and discovered that the morphological connectivity of the cortical-striatum-thalamus-cortical network of ASD increased and the morphological connectivity of the cortical-cortical network decreased [16]. In addition, several studies have shown that the working memory neural network and visual-motor neural network of ASD exhibit different FC patterns compared to a TD group [67,68].…”