Visually guided reaching: bilateral posterior parietal lesions cause a switch from fast visuomotor to slow cognitive control

Rossetti, Yves; Revol, Patrice; McIntosh, Robert D.; Pisella, Laure; Rode, Gilles; Danckert, James; Tilikete, Caroline; Dijkerman, H. Chris; Boisson, Dominique; Vighetto, Alain; François, Michel; Milner, A. David

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.11.004

Cited by 125 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…18), are not sufficient to support performance without hippocampal processing. However, because parietal spatial representations seem to function over relatively short delays (48,49), it is possible that this mechanism may support performance in parallel with the hippocampus on the 1-s delay version of the Hamilton Search Task, which was not impaired in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Memory loss in a nonnavigational spatial task after hippocampal inactivation in monkeys

Forcelli

Palchik

Leath³

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The hippocampus has a well-documented role for spatial navigation across species, but its role for spatial memory in nonnavigational tasks is uncertain. In particular, when monkeys are tested in tasks that do not require navigation, spatial memory seems unaffected by lesions of the hippocampus. However, the interpretation of these results is compromised by long-term compensatory adaptation occurring in the days and weeks after lesions. To test the hypothesis that hippocampus is necessary for nonnavigational spatial memory, we selected a technique that avoids long-term compensatory adaptation. We transiently disrupted hippocampal function acutely at the time of testing by microinfusion of the glutamate receptor antagonist kynurenate. Animals were tested on a self-ordered spatial memory task, the Hamilton Search Task. In the task, animals are presented with an array of eight boxes, each containing a food reinforcer; one box may be opened per trial, with trials separated by a delay. Only the spatial location of the boxes serves as a cue to solve the task. The optimal strategy is to open each box once without returning to previously visited locations. Transient inactivation of hippocampus reduced performance to chance levels in a delay-dependent manner. In contrast, no deficits were seen when boxes were marked with nonspatial cues (color). These results clearly document a role for hippocampus in nonnavigational spatial memory in macaques and demonstrate the efficacy of pharmacological inactivation of this structure in this species. Our data bring the role of the hippocampus in monkeys into alignment with the broader framework of hippocampal function.A lthough a role for the hippocampus in navigational spatial memory has been well documented in many species, including humans (1-4), rodents (5, 6), and monkeys (7-9), a role for hippocampus in nonnavigational spatial memory is less certain. Because nonhuman primates have a close neuroanatomical and behavioral homology to humans, they offer a unique opportunity to assess the neural substrates of spatial memory using nonnavigational tasks. However, studies using nonnavigational spatial tasks with nonhuman primates have found little or no effect of hippocampal lesions (10-15).The ability of hippocampal-lesioned monkeys to perform these tasks without impairment has been explained by the reliance on a strategy that is not dependent on hippocampus. Whereas the use of allocentric (world-centered) cues depends on the hippocampus, it is thought that the use of egocentric (body-centered) cues does not. Indeed, it has been suggested that the use of egocentric cues is supported by extrahippocampal substrates including striatum and parietal cortex (15)(16)(17)(18).Following a hippocampal lesion, subjects may learn to resolve a given task by developing a strategy distinct from that used in the presence of an intact hippocampus. Several factors may support this compensatory strategy, including (i) postlesion training or retraining and (ii) postlesion network reorganization (19-21). T...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Memory loss in a nonnavigational spatial task after hippocampal inactivation in monkeys

Forcelli

Palchik

Leath³

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Furthermore, neuropsychological studies (Karnath & Perenin, 2005;Rossetti et al, 2005;Mattingley et al, 1998;Perenin & Vighetto, 1988;Levine et al, 1978) have also revealed the importance of PPC for the control of movements. However, it appears that the specific neuronal subregions of PPC that are highlighted as relevant in paradigms using spatial attention (Rushworth & Taylor, 2006;Nobre et al, 2003;Donner et al, 2002;Corbetta, 1998) are anatomically distinct from those predominantly implicated in visuomotor control (Rushworth & Taylor, 2006;Karnath & Perenin, 2005;Desmurget et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence from both clinical (Karnath & Perenin, 2005;Rossetti et al, 2005;Mattingley, Husain, Rorden, Kennard, & Driver, 1998;Levine, Kaufman, & Mohr, 1978) and TMS (Rice, Tunik, & Grafton, 2006;Tunik, Frey, & Grafton, 2005;Desmurget et al, 1999) studies suggest that parts of PPC are also involved in visuomotor control. For the purpose of this study, it is important to be able to distinguish between any direct effects of rPPC TMS on motor control and the more indirect effects, which are those that we expect because of the higher spatial requirements introduced in the localization condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Involvement of Posterior Parietal Cortex in Feature and Conjunction Visuomotor Search

Lane

Smith²,

Schenk³

et al. 2011

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. (rPPC) is necessary for the completion of conjunction but not feature visual search, regardless of the attentional requirements. One account for this dissociation is that the rPPC is primarily involved in processing spatial information. For target identification, conjunction tasks require that spatial information is used to determine if features occur at the same location, whereas feature search does not require such a process. This account suggests that if the requirement to localize the target is made explicit, then rPPC may also be necessary for feature search. This was examined using TMS and by manipulating the response mode: Participants were either required to press a button indicating the presence/absence of the target or else had to point to the target. TMS over rPPC did not disrupt performance of the feature task when a button press was required but significantly increased response time and movement time for the same task in the pointing condition. Conjunction search in both response conditions was significantly impaired by TMS. Performance on a task that required pointing to a target in the absence of distractors and thus did not involve visual search was unaffected by rPPC stimulation. We conclude that rPPC is involved in coding and representing spatial information and is therefore crucial when the task requires determining whether two features spatially co-occur or when search is combined with explicit target localization via a visuomotor transformation. ■

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“…After extensive learning, the PPC can process highly familiar S-R mappings in a fast, automatic, and unconscious manner (Rossetti et al, 2005;Schindler et al, 2004) and damage to the PPC in humans can produce a variety of sensorimotor deficits such as Apraxia (Andersen & Buneo, 2002). In the model, the PPC layer connects the input Condition layer with the output Premotor layer in the parietal learning pathway.…”

Section: Posterior Parietal Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assembling Old Tricks for New Tasks: A Neural Model of Instructional Learning and Control

Huang¹,

Hazy²,

Herd³

et al. 2013

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Abstract■ We can learn from the wisdom of others to maximize success.However, it is unclear how humans take advice to flexibly adapt behavior. On the basis of data from neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, and neuroimaging, a biologically plausible model is developed to illustrate the neural mechanisms of learning from instructions. The model consists of two complementary learning pathways. The slow-learning parietal pathway carries out simple or habitual stimulus-response (S-R) mappings, whereas the fast-learning hippocampal pathway implements novel S-R rules. Specifically, the hippocampus can rapidly encode arbitrary S-R associations, and stimulus-cued responses are later recalled into the basal ganglia-gated pFC to bias response selection in the premotor and motor cortices. The interactions between the two model learning pathways explain how instructions can override habits and how automaticity can be achieved through motor consolidation. ■

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Visually guided reaching: bilateral posterior parietal lesions cause a switch from fast visuomotor to slow cognitive control

Cited by 125 publications

References 34 publications

Memory loss in a nonnavigational spatial task after hippocampal inactivation in monkeys

Memory loss in a nonnavigational spatial task after hippocampal inactivation in monkeys

The Involvement of Posterior Parietal Cortex in Feature and Conjunction Visuomotor Search

Assembling Old Tricks for New Tasks: A Neural Model of Instructional Learning and Control

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