Visualizing the conoscopic isochromatic interference fringes in anisotropic crystals by spinning polarizer and analyzer

Wang, Pengqian

doi:10.1364/ol.37.004392

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Even in the most sophisticated experimental setups, the crystal sample is placed between the polarizer and the analyzer. 9 We keep the analyzer (A) and polarizer (P) in the scheme but add an extra birefringent plate (BPM) behind the polarizer to act as polarization modulator similar to the tilting stage proposed in Ref. 7.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Birefringent crystals have long been studied by means of conoscopic interference techniques. [4][5][6][7][8][9] Furthermore, conoscopic techniques have several applications like multipurpose rangefinders, 10 surface inspection, 11 differential interference contrast microscopy, 12 visualization of polarization properties of optical vortex beams, 13 and waveplate characterization. 14 Accordingly, conoscopic fringe patterns are theoretically described with different levels of approximation by means of the phase shift introduced between the beams that propagate through a crystal sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A birefringent polarization modulator: Application to phase measurement in conoscopic interference patterns

Veiras

Garea

Perez

2016

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Conoscopic interferometry for crystal characterization is a very well-known technique with increasing applications in different fields of technology. The advantage of the scheme proposed here is the introduction of a polarization modulator that allows the recovery of the phase information contained in conoscopic interferograms. This represents a real advantage since the most relevant physical information of the sample under study is usually contained in the phase of the fringe pattern. Moreover, this technique works successfully even when there are no visible fringes. The setup employed is a simple conoscopic interferometer where the elements under study correspond to two birefringent crystal slabs and a commercial mica wave plate. It allows the crystals to be characterized and the wave plate retardance to be measured as a function of the angle of incidence. The modulator itself consists of a single tiltable crystal plate which, by means of phase shifting techniques, permits the recovery of a phase map for each sample. It is inexpensive and it can be easily calibrated, so it works with a wide range of phase shifting interferometry algorithms. We show that our scheme is easily adaptable to algorithms that require either a low or high amount of interferograms.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A birefringent polarization modulator: Application to phase measurement in conoscopic interference patterns

Veiras

Garea

Perez

2016

Review of Scientific Instruments

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“…each as the condenser and the imaging objective. [53][54][55] The intensity and polarization of the incoming He-Ne laser light ( 633 nm) were maintained using half-wave and quarter-wave plates and a polarizer. We performed observation for circular and linear polarization, with an appropriate analyser system placed in front of a CCD camera.…”

Section: Journal Of Applied Physicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering optical anisotropy in nonlinear crystals with ultrafast light

Karpinski

Shvedov

Królikowski

et al. 2020

Journal of Applied Physics

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Photonic technology is widely based on anisotropic (and) nonlinear materials, which allow light modulation and parametric light conversion. Because the number of naturally occurring crystals is limited, there is a growing demand for artificial metamaterials with optical properties specifically tailored to a given application. Here, we utilize the top-down method to synthesize sub-wavelength periodic nanostructures inside a uniaxial optically nonlinear crystal (lithium niobate, LiNbO 3 ) by irradiating it with multiple femtosecond laser pulses. By superimposing form-birefringence associated with the light-induced nanostructures onto natural birefringence of the host crystal we create macroscopic domains of a biaxial metamaterial embedded into otherwise uniaxial medium.

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“…CI makes use of Conoscopic Interference Patterns (CIPs), which are well-known for the characterization of birefringent crystals [11] [14] [15]. By focusing the probe beam with a given polarization through a birefringent crystal and then collimating it before passing through a polarizer, one can obtain a succession of bright (isochromates) and dark (isogyres) fringes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conoscopic interferometry for optimal acoustic pulse detection in ultrafast acoustics

Robin¹,

Guis²,

Arabul³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Conoscopic interferometry is a promising detection technique for ultrafast acoustics. By focusing a probe beam through a birefringent crystal before passing it through a polarizer, conoscopic interferences sculpt the spatial profile of the beam. The use of these patterns for acoustic wave detection revealed a higher detection sensitivity over existing techniques, such as reflectometry and beam distortion detection. However, the physical origin of the increased sensitivity is unknown. In this work, we present a model, describing the sensitivity behaviour of conoscopic interferometry with respect to the quarter-wave plate orientation and the diaphragm aperture, which is validated experimentally. Using the model, we optimize the detection sensitivity of conoscopic interferometry. We obtain a maximal sensitivity of detection when placing the diaphragm edge on the dark fringes of the conoscopic interference patterns. In the configurations studied in this work, conoscopic interferometry can be 8x more sensitive to acoustic waves than beam distortion detection.

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Visualizing the conoscopic isochromatic interference fringes in anisotropic crystals by spinning polarizer and analyzer

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

A birefringent polarization modulator: Application to phase measurement in conoscopic interference patterns

A birefringent polarization modulator: Application to phase measurement in conoscopic interference patterns

Engineering optical anisotropy in nonlinear crystals with ultrafast light

Conoscopic interferometry for optimal acoustic pulse detection in ultrafast acoustics

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