Visualizing gas evolution on graphite and oxygen-evolving anodes

Cassayre, Laurent; Utigard, T. A.; Bouvet, Sylvie

doi:10.1007/bf02701696

Cited by 56 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Therefore, it may be more likely that variation in wetting is due to variation in isotropy or possibly impurity concentrations, as also suggested by Qiu et al [47]. The wetting angle of graphite with cryolite electrolyte in this study (~100°) was slightly lower than that recorded in other studies (120-130° [16]), possibly due to material or electrolyte composition differences.…”

Section: Characterisation Of Anode Surface and Interfacial Propertiessupporting

confidence: 46%

“…Results in this study were similar to that found by Xue and Øye [12] -their 10 mm diameter graphite anode evolved one main bubble, leaving the anode surface completely free of bubbles afterwards. However, larger anodes are thought to sustain several bubbles simultaneously [16]. The magnitude of voltage variation of graphite recorded in other studies at 1 A cm -2 has been lower; for example 0.1 V [22] or 0.3 V [21], but in both cases discrepancies are most likely related to the geometry of the anode.…”

Section: Electrochemical Measurements Of Bubble Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Bubble Evolution and Anode Surface Properties in Aluminium Electrolysis

Thorne

Sommerseth

Ratvik

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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One significant contribution to the anodic potential during aluminium electrolysis is the formation of CO 2 bubbles that screen the anode surface. This effect creates an additional ohmic resistance as well as an increased reaction overpotential, hyperpolarisation, as the effective surface area decreases. This work aims to improve the understanding of how anode properties -including isotropy at the optical domain level, wettability (towards electrolyte), surface roughness and porosity -affect bubble 2 evolution. Pilot anodes, made with single source coke types varying in isotropy, were used to study bubble evolution by electrochemical methods. In order to retain bubbles during experiments, anodes were designed to have only horizontal surface area.Bubble formation and release were monitored at different current densities, and were tracked by measuring the oscillations in anode potential and series resistance. Anodes made from different cokes were found to have different bubble evolution properties, possibly due to variation in the density of nucleation sites at the surface of each anode and varying anode-electrolyte wettability.

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Section: Characterisation Of Anode Surface and Interfacial Propertiessupporting

confidence: 46%

Section: Electrochemical Measurements Of Bubble Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Bubble Evolution and Anode Surface Properties in Aluminium Electrolysis

Thorne

Sommerseth

Ratvik

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…In pottery and tile manufacture, SnO 2 has been used as opacifier in glazes [14] and as raw material for the chrome-tin pink and some other pigments [15]. Along the last decades, it has been increasingly used in components requiring high chemical corrosion resistance in chemical industry applications [16,17]. In the last field, an important application is obtaining electrodes for electric glass melting furnaces [18,19] and the processing of aluminium by electrolysis [17,20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Along the last decades, it has been increasingly used in components requiring high chemical corrosion resistance in chemical industry applications [16,17]. In the last field, an important application is obtaining electrodes for electric glass melting furnaces [18,19] and the processing of aluminium by electrolysis [17,20,21]. Stoichiometric tin oxide is a good insulator at room temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of new ceramic electrodes based on Sb-doped SnO2 for the removal of emerging compounds present in wastewater

Mora-Gómez

García-Gabaldón

Ortega

et al. 2018

Ceramics International

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The properties of the ceramic electrodes make them interesting for electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs), destined to the elimination of emergent or refractory contaminants, as an alternative to boron-doped-diamond (BDD) electrodes. The oxygen discharge potential (E O2 ) for the ceramic electrodes decreases as the sintering temperature increases, being these values higher than that observed for the Pt electrode and smaller than that for the BDD electrode. This result in a highest rate of 2 COD removal for the electrode sintered at 1050 ºC comparing with the rest of ceramic electrodes under potentiostatic operation. On the other hand, in galvanostatic mode, the performance of the different ceramic electrodes in terms of the degradation of Norfloxacin, used as tested antibiotic, was similar.Comparing the behavior of the ceramic electrode sintered at 1250 ºC and that of the BDD electrode at an applied potential of 3V, it is inferred that although both present similar values in terms of the degradation of Norfloxacin, the rate of removal of the chemical oxygen demand is higher in the case of the BDD.

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“…The problem of simulating electrolytically formed bubbles in molten salts was solved by the authors of [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The investigation of the fluid dynamics phenomena occurring during the electrolysis was required using the low-temperature model.…”

Section: Physical Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motion dynamics of anodic gas in the cryolite melt–alumina high-temperature slurry

Yasinskiy

Polyakov

Klyuchantsev

2017

Russ. J. Non-ferrous Metals

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Abstract-The results of physical simulation of the behavior of bubbles formed due to the electrochemical evolution of oxygen on an inert anode during the high-temperature electrolysis of alumina slurry in the fluoride melt are presented. Similarity criteria are calculated, the experiments for a water model with vertically oriented electrodes are performed, and the data on the behavior of bubbles in the slurry are found with the help of video recording. The 20% aqueous solution of sulfuric acid with an alumina content of 30 vol % was used as the model electrolyte. The experiments were performed in a range of current densities from 0.05 to 0.25 A/cm 2 . Video was recorded using a Nikon D3100 camera with a recording frequency of 30 frames/s. The data on the motion dynamics of the bubbles, the quantitative data that characterize coalescence, and the bubble lifting velocity are found. To determine the average lifting velocity, 125 bubbles were analyzed. They were 0.8-2.3 mm thick. The bubble motion is performed in the slug regime with lifting velocity of 1.0-2.3 cm/s. The bubble layer thickness was about 5 mm. Further investigations will be directed to finding new data on the behavior of bubbles for various solid phase contents, current density, electrode slope angle, and granulometric composition.

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Visualizing gas evolution on graphite and oxygen-evolving anodes

Cited by 56 publications

References 2 publications

Bubble Evolution and Anode Surface Properties in Aluminium Electrolysis

Bubble Evolution and Anode Surface Properties in Aluminium Electrolysis

Evaluation of new ceramic electrodes based on Sb-doped SnO2 for the removal of emerging compounds present in wastewater

Motion dynamics of anodic gas in the cryolite melt–alumina high-temperature slurry

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