“…In traditional 2D drawings, there is a stepped approach for exchange of information between clients, consultants, and contractors which possesses various delivery concerns and significant chances of misconceptions and conflicts. However, in BIM models, information is simultaneously available to all parties due to virtualization and visualization feature of BIM [ 86 ] which leaves negligible chances of ambiguities and conflicts in CPs [ 21 , 88 , 95 ]. In addition, BIM ensures centralized and well-structured management of data with descriptive illustration of objects in nD models [ 87 , 95 , 102 , 107 ].…”