Visualization of Oxygen Consumption of Single Living Cells by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy: The Influence of the Faradaic Tip Reaction

Abstract

The influence of the reaction rate at the SECM tip on the overall imaging result is often neglected during respiration studies performed by SECM. The effect of the driving force of the tip reaction is elucidated using a potential pulse profile implemented into a constant‐distance mode. Time‐dependent data acquisition allows visualization of the transition between a tip behaving as a passive observer and a tip actively inducing transmembrane diffusion of oxygen.

Shearforce positioning of nanoprobe electrode arrays for scanning electrochemical microscopy experiments

“…Moreover, alternating current and tip position modulation permit rapid positioning with SECM setup without the need of complex instrumentation [17,25]. Within this large family of methods, shearforce detection has some peculiarities that make it convenient in corrosion analysis [5,26,27], visualization of local electrocatalytic activity [28] and characterization of living material [29][30][31][32]. The technology was also combined with SECM for micropatterning [33].…”

Monitoring Tyrosinase Expression in Non‐metastatic and Metastatic Melanoma Tissues by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy

“…[3] Alternatively,f luorescent tagging could be impeded by cellular autofluorescence or photobleaching. [4] Electrochemical methods may represent ap romising alternative since they rely exclusively on the electrochemical detection of redox-active species related to the presence of biomarkers.Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is asurface reactivity mapping tool with high spatial resolution and sensitivity that has been used widely for studying living cell cultures [5] but rarely for tissues.F or instance,e nzymatic activity and oxygen production/consumption in plant tissues and microtissues have been monitored. [6] SECM has also been applied to study molecular transport through skin samples.…”

Recent Advances in Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy for Biological Applications

“…This new mode allows the recording of multiple SECM images at a constant distance over a relatively short time and avoids tip crashing. Using this mode, the influence of the reaction rate at the tip on monitoring cell respiration activity was confirmed, and the real respiration activity of an individual HEK293 cell was imaged [66]. More recently, Sundaresan et al [67] proposed a novel method to fabricate UMEs adopted in the SF-SECM mode.…”