Visualization of critical metals in marine nodules by rapid and high-resolution LA-ICP-TOFMS mapping

Peng, Jinzhou; Li, Dengfeng; Fu, Yu; Sun, Xiaoming

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2023.105342

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 61 publications

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“…The technique was also used to determine U-Pb ages at sampling depths in the range of 0.59-0.66 µm [120]. Peng et al [121] used high-resolution mapping by LA-ICP-TOF-MS for the visualization of critical metals including REEs in manganese nodules in deep oceans for understanding redox conditions with the help of Ce concentrations during their growth process, with advantages, such as time-saving as a result of high-speed stage movement and high lateral resolution at the micro-scale. The seemingly simultaneous detection capability of LA-TOF-MS allows rapid multi-element (including REE) analysis of very fast transient signals (i.e., laser ablation imaging in low dispersion laser ablation cells) and is also ideally suited to 2D and 3D imaging of geological materials, and will likely replace LA-ICP-MS for such applications in future [122].…”

Section: Icp-tof-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Analytical Techniques and Applications in Exploration, Mining, Extraction, and Metallurgical Studies of Rare Earth Elements

Balaram

2023

Minerals

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The use of analytical techniques is important and critical in all areas related to REE, such as basic fundamental research, exploration, mining, extraction, and metallurgical activities at different stages by different industries. At every stage of these activities, rock, ore, minerals, and other related materials have to be analyzed for their REE contents in terms of elemental, isotopic, and mineralogical concentrations using different analytical techniques. Spectacular developments have taken place in the area of analytical instrumentation during the last four decades, with some of them having shrunk in size and become handheld. Among laboratory-based techniques, F-AAS, GF-AAS, ICP-OES, and MP-AES have become very popular. Because of high sensitivity, fewer interference effects, and ease of use, ICP-MS techniques, such as quadrupole ICP-MS, ICP-MS/MS, ICP-TOF-MS, MH-ICP-MS, HR-ICP-MS, and MC-ICP-MS, with both solution nebulization as well as direct solid analysis using laser ablation sample introduction methods, have become more popular for REE analysis. For direct analysis of solids, INAA, XRF, and LIBS techniques, as well as LA-based ICP-MS techniques, are being extensively utilized. The LIBS technique in particular requires little to no sample preparation. TIMS, SIMS, and SHRIMP techniques are being used for isotopic as well as dating REE depots. Portable analytical techniques, such as pXRF, pLIBS, and Raman spectrometers are able to perform in situ analysis even in the field, helping to make fast decisions during exploration studies. At present, hyperspectral remote sensing techniques including handheld, drone, and satellite-based techniques have become very popular in REE exploration studies because of their ability to cover larger areas in a limited time and, thus, became very cost-effective. Deployment of microanalytical devices/sensors mounted in remotely operated vehicles (ROV) is being successfully utilized in detecting REE-rich deposits in the deep oceans. Providing updated in-depth information on all these important aspects with suitable examples, especially from the point of view of REE research studies is the focal point of this review article.

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Section: Icp-tof-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Analytical Techniques and Applications in Exploration, Mining, Extraction, and Metallurgical Studies of Rare Earth Elements

Balaram

2023

Minerals

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The adsorption of cerium on synthetic δ-MnO2: Implications for Ce uptake behavior of hydrogenetic and early diagenetic ferromanganese nodules from the Western Pacific

Tang,

Li,

Hollings

et al. 2024

Marine Geology

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Spatial Distribution of Critical Metals and Chemostratigraphy in Co‐Rich Ferromanganese Nodules in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean

Ren,

Yang,

et al. 2024

JGR Oceans

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Ferromanganese nodules are important marine storehouses for critical metals and windows for changing oceans. Although advanced in situ analytical techniques have been applied to visualize the elemental distribution in the nodule cross‐sections, their spatial distribution remains largely uncertain. This study addresses this gap by employing micro X‐ray fluorescence mapping of parallel nodule cross‐sections to delineate the spatial distributions of critical metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ti, Ni, and Cu) in three Co‐rich ferromanganese nodules from the northwestern Pacific Ocean. The 10‐layer Os isotopic compositions of one nodule closely align with the well‐documented marine Os isotope evolution of seawater, providing a chronological framework and a maximum age of ∼36 Ma for these nodules. Three concentric chemostratigraphic layers, labeled L1, L2, and L3, were identified from the inside out, based on microscopic structures and the distributions of critical metals. The early growth stage was marked by Mn‐rich, Si‐rich, and high Mn/Fe ratios, suggesting a diagenetic‐driven process attributed to high paleoproductivity conditions because of the low latitude of the study area at that time. The subsequent growth stages are all hydrogenetic in origin to be rich in Fe, Co, and Ti with low Mn/Fe ratios. The apparent detritus present during the second growth stage of the nodules may correspond to the stronger bottom currents in the early Miocene. The final mineralization stage indicates a more stable environment with diminished bottom current activity, leading to the formation of a dense, laminar hydrogenetic layer.

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Visualization of critical metals in marine nodules by rapid and high-resolution LA-ICP-TOFMS mapping

Cited by 4 publications

References 61 publications

Advances in Analytical Techniques and Applications in Exploration, Mining, Extraction, and Metallurgical Studies of Rare Earth Elements

Advances in Analytical Techniques and Applications in Exploration, Mining, Extraction, and Metallurgical Studies of Rare Earth Elements

The adsorption of cerium on synthetic δ-MnO2: Implications for Ce uptake behavior of hydrogenetic and early diagenetic ferromanganese nodules from the Western Pacific

Spatial Distribution of Critical Metals and Chemostratigraphy in Co‐Rich Ferromanganese Nodules in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean

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