Visualization of a fish wake using tobacco mosaic virus

Hu, David L.; Mendel, Lucy; Chan, Brian; Goreau, Thomas J.; Bush, John W. M.

doi:10.1063/1.1942515

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The widespread adoption of particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurement techniques has provided evidence that a wake model of a string of interconnected, almost circular, ring shapes is quite reasonable (Lauder & Drucker 2002;Müller et al 1997;Nauen & Lauder 2002a,b;Stamhuis & Videler 1995;Videler 1993;Videler & He 2010;Videler et al 2002). Increasingly detailed measurements (e.g., Hu et al 2005) and computations (Zhu et al 2002) show many variations and small-scale, intricate patterns that do not readily conform to one standard topology, but the basic idea seems sound.…”

Section: Fish Wakesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Wake Signature Detection

Spedding

2014

Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An accumulated body of quantitative evidence shows that bluff-body wakes in stably stratified environments have an unusual degree of coherence and organization, so characteristic geometries such as arrays of alternating-signed vortices have very long lifetimes, as measured in units of buoyancy timescales, or in the downstream distance scaled by a body length. The combination of pattern geometry and persistence renders the detection of these wakes possible in principle. It now appears that identifiable signatures can be found from many disparate sources: Islands, fish, and plankton all have been noted to generate features that can be detected by climate modelers, hopeful navigators in open oceans, or hungry predators. The various types of wakes are reviewed with notes on why their signatures are important and to whom. A general theory of wake pattern formation is lacking and would have to span many orders of magnitude in Reynolds number. 273

show abstract

Section: Fish Wakesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Wake Signature Detection

Spedding

2014

Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1B). This observation indicates that the patterns reflect gradients in fluid velocity and that the microbial suspension acts as a rheoscopic ("flow-visualizing") fluid (12,13). In rheoscopic fluids, hydrodynamic shear preferentially aligns elongated particles with the flow direction.…”

Section: −3mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In rheoscopic fluids, hydrodynamic shear preferentially aligns elongated particles with the flow direction. Because optical scattering is a function of particle orientation (12,13), particles aligned along different shear planes scatter light differently, mirroring the spatial distribution of shear in the flow. This assessment is supported by our observation that swirls form in test tubes containing rod-shaped and flagellated bacteria but not with the spherical cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus or with 1-to 5-μm spherical latex beads.…”

Section: −3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial alignment in flow changes ocean light climate

Marcos¹,

Seymour

Luhar

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The growth of microbial cultures in the laboratory often is assessed informally with a quick flick of the wrist: dense suspensions of microorganisms produce translucent "swirls" when agitated. Here, we rationalize the mechanism behind this phenomenon and show that the same process may affect the propagation of light through the upper ocean. Analogous to the shaken test tubes, the ocean can be characterized by intense fluid motion and abundant microorganisms. We demonstrate that the swirl patterns arise when elongated microorganisms align preferentially in the direction of fluid flow and alter light scattering. Using a combination of experiments and mathematical modeling, we find that this phenomenon can be recurrent under typical marine conditions. Moderate shear rates (0.1 s ) can increase backscattering from blooms of large phytoplankton by more than 30%. These results imply that fluid flow, currently neglected in models of marine optics, may exert an important control on light propagation, influencing rates of global carbon fixation and how we estimate these rates via remote sensing.rheoscopic | plankton

show abstract

“…Here the azimuthal velocity v θ (r, t ) θ is the averaged value of v θ along the θ direction at a specific radius derived as This manipulation using the azimuthal average is possible in an axisymmetric flow and minimizes measurement noise in the calculation of the derivative in Eq. (17). The estimated shear stress fields extended on the time axes are shown in Fig.…”

Section: B Association Of Color With Shear Stress τ θmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flow-induced birefringence was utilized to a Newtonian fluid by Hu et al [17,18], where wakes around a swimming fish were visualized by the tobacco mosaic virus (rod-shaped particles). Laminar Sciences Corporation [19] has produced a novel rheoscopic fluid named KaleidoFlow as a birefringent Newtonian fluid composed of tiny flake particles and deionized water (as detailed in Sec.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applicability evaluation of the stress-optic law in Newtonian fluids toward stress field measurements

Noto

Tasaka

Hitomi

et al. 2020

Phys. Rev. Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A novel rheoscopic fluid displaying coloration due to flow-induced birefringence is investigated through laboratory experiments to ascertain if it satisfies the stress-optic law in fluids in direct stress field measurements of Newtonian fluids. To validate this experimentally, two types of spin-up experiments ensuring two-dimensional flows were performed: color visualization using the rheoscopic fluid and velocity field measurement by particle image velocimetry. Using a wave-number analysis, the orientation angle of the birefringence was determined from a single color snapshot in axisymmetric and unidirectional flows. Direct comparisons between color and shear stress values made it possible to establish a unique relation between the two, verifying that the stress-optic law can be applied in the fluid. The results of the present study suggest a promising avenue toward enabling temporally and spatially resolved stress field measurements in Newtonian fluids.

show abstract

Visualization of a fish wake using tobacco mosaic virus

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Wake Signature Detection

Wake Signature Detection

Microbial alignment in flow changes ocean light climate

Applicability evaluation of the stress-optic law in Newtonian fluids toward stress field measurements

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About