Visual Suppression of Caloric Nystagmus in Brain‐stem Lesions

Takemori, Setsuko; Aiba, Tadashi; Shizawa, Ryoichi

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1981.tb30925.x

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For example, visual suppression of caloric nystagmus toward the lesion side is reduced or abolished after unilateral flocculus lesion, and is abolished bilaterally after bilateral flocculus lesions [3]. In cases of paramedian pontine reticular formation lesions, loss of visual suppression associated with augmented caloric nystagmus in light indicates a brainstem lesion [16]. Thus, abnormalities in the caloric test coupled with visual suppression test indicate a posterior fossa lesion, suggesting a localized or extended cerebellar and/or brainstem lesion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Differentiating cerebellar and brainstem lesions with ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential test

Young

2010

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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This study applied both ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) and cervical VEMP (cVEMP) tests in patients with cerebellar disorders to determine whether VEMP test can differentiate between cerebellar and brainstem lesions. A total of 12 patients with cerebellar disorder, including extended cerebellar lesion (involving the brainstem) in 8 and localized cerebellar lesion (excluding the brainstem) in 4, were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent caloric, visual suppression, and oVEMP and cVEMP tests via bone-conducted vibration stimuli. The abnormal rates for the caloric, visual suppression, and oVEMP and cVEMP tests were 62, 83, 88 and 75% in patients with extended cerebellar lesion and 0, 25, 0 and 0% in those with localized cerebellar lesion, respectively. The rate of abnormal oVEMP results significantly differed between the two groups, but caloric, visual suppression and cVEMP test results did not differ. In another ten healthy subjects, characteristic parameters of oVEMPs obtained under light and dark conditions did not significantly differ. In conclusion, ocular VEMP test can differentiate between cerebellar and brainstem lesions. Abnormal oVEMPs in patients with cerebellar disorder may indicate adjacent brainstem involvement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Differentiating cerebellar and brainstem lesions with ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potential test

Young

2010

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol

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“…Based on previous reports [ 5 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], SR and slow-phase velocity are thought to be important caloric vestibular parameters. On the other hand, we think that the other parameters, such as velocity of quick phase and amplitude, are not important in the present study, which attempted to evaluate vestibular impairment due to cortical dysfunction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nystagmus induced in this way is called caloric nystagmus, while the suppression of caloric nystagmus due to visual fixation is called visual suppression. VS impairment is known to be caused by disorders not only of the cerebellum and brainstem, but also of the cerebral cortex [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. The level of VS is measured as an equilibrium function test, which is helpful in diagnosing central nervous system disorders.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vestibular Impairment in Frontotemporal Dementia Syndrome

Nakamagoe

Kadono

Koganezawa

et al. 2016

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord Extra

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Background: No studies to date have attempted to evaluate frontotemporal lobar degeneration from the perspective of the vestibular system. Objective: The present study examined vestibular function in patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) clinical syndrome and evaluated whether vestibular disorders are involved in the clinical symptoms due to FTD. Methods: Fourteen patients with FTD syndrome, as well as healthy elderly controls without dementia, were included in the present study. All subjects underwent vestibular function tests using electronystagmography, such as caloric tests and visual suppression (VS) tests, in which the induced caloric nystagmus was suppressed by visual stimuli. The association between clinical symptoms and vestibular function in the FTD syndrome group was further examined. Results: In the FTD syndrome group, caloric nystagmus was not necessarily suppressed during VS tests. Furthermore, VS was observed to be significantly impaired in FTD syndrome patients with gait disturbance as compared to those without such disturbance. Conclusion: The present study revealed that impairment of VS in patients with FTD results in an inability to regulate vestibular function by means of visual perception, regardless of multiple presumed neuropathological backgrounds. This could also be associated with gait disturbance in patients with FTD syndrome.

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“…However, 4 of them also had cerebellar involvement, indicated by loss of visual suppression on the caloric nystagmus (Table ). Applying visual fixation during caloric testing can suppress caloric nystagmus by affecting the floccular Purkinje cells of cerebellum, in turn inhibiting the vestibular nuclei …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%