Visual scanning of faces correlates with schizophrenia symptomatology

Rosse, Richard B.; Schwartz, Barbara L.; Johri, Surendra K.; Deutsch, Stephen I.

doi:10.1016/s0278-5846(98)00056-6

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…By contrast, the ability to follow line of gaze ('Where is s/he looking?Õ) appears intact (Leekam, Hunnisett, & Moore, 1998). Incidentally, a similar dissociation has been observed in adult patients with schizophrenia (Rosse et al, 1998;Franck et al, 2002).…”

Section: Egocentric Gaze Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 77%

Fear Recognition and the Neural Basis of Social Cognition

Skuse¹

2003

Child Adoles Ment Health

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Recent developments in cognitive neuroscience and neurobiology emphasise the interface between our emotions, our feelings and our ability to interact appropriately in social situations. The neural basis of social cognition is subject to intensive research in both humans and non-human primates, research that is providing exciting, provocative and yet consistent findings. Centre stage is the role of efferent and afferent connectivity between the amygdala and neocortical brain regions, now believed to be critical for the processing of social information. Recent research suggests that a sub-cortical neural pathway, routed through the amygdala, may turn out to be a key player in the mystery of why humans are so prone to disorders of social cognition. This pathway responds to direct eye contact, one of many classes of potential threat. In humans, arousal evoked by this exquisitely social stimulus is modulated and controlled by a variety of specific cortical regions. Neural circuits that evolved for the purpose of fear detection in other's faces, an essentially threatening stimulus, are now associated with the acquisition of social skills and appropriate responsiveness in social encounters.

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Section: Egocentric Gaze Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 77%

Fear Recognition and the Neural Basis of Social Cognition

Skuse¹

2003

Child Adoles Ment Health

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“…This suggests an association between schizophrenia and impoverished visual input, and is supported by existing patient deficits in attention (56–58), as well as visual scan paths characterized by fewer visual fixations, longer duration of fixations/saccades, and smaller saccade amplitudes (21, 59, 60). However, P100 deficits have not always been reported in patient studies (13, 61–64), or in schizotypy (25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Neurophysiological Correlates of Configural Face Processing in Schizotypy

et al. 2014

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Background: Face processing impairment in schizophrenia appears to be underpinned by poor configural (as opposed to feature-based) processing; however, few studies have sought to characterize this impairment electrophysiologically. Given the sensitivity of event-related potentials to antipsychotic medications, and the potential for neurophysiological abnormalities to serve as vulnerability markers for schizophrenia, a handful of studies have investigated early visual P100 and face-selective N170 in “at risk” populations. However, this is the first known neurophysiological investigation of configural face processing in a non-clinical schizotypal sample.Methods: Using stimuli designed to engage configural processing in face perception (upright and inverted Mooney and photographic faces), P100 and N170 components were recorded in healthy individuals characterized by high (N = 14) and low (N = 14) schizotypal traits according to the Oxford–Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences.Results: High schizotypes showed significantly reduced N170 amplitudes to inverted photographic faces. Typical N170 latency and amplitude inversion effects (delayed and enhanced N170 to inverted relative to upright photographic faces, and enhanced amplitude to upright versus inverted Mooney faces), were demonstrated by low, but not high, schizotypes. No group differences were shown for P100 analyses.Conclusions: The findings suggest that neurophysiological deficits in processing facial configurations (N170) are apparent in schizotypy, while the early sensory processing (P100) of faces appears intact. This work adds to the mounting evidence for analogous neural processing anomalies at the healthy end of the psychosis continuum.

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“…38,42,45,46,51,53,54,56,58,59,73,74,90 Although many of these reports are based on post hoc analyses, the findings are supported by comparisons of neurolepticnaïve patients with patients receiving regular neuroleptic treatment in both cross-sectional and longitudinal study designs. In 2 studies, the scanpaths of individuals with schizophrenia receiving neuroleptics did not differ from those of never-medicated patients (cross sectional design, 48 longitudinal design 41,48 ).…”

Section: Association With Other Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence for a lack of association of scanpath variables with illness duration has been documented, 42,45,54,58 although Manor and colleagues 53 found illness duration to correlate with scanpath length. Williams and colleagues 68 reported significant correlations between illness duration and scanpath variables in patients with schizophrenia, with longer duration associated with diminished scanning, although patterns of association were inconsistent across stimuli.…”

Section: Association With Other Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical scanpaths in schizophrenia: Evidence of a trait- or state-dependent phenomenon?

Beedie

Clair

Benson

2011

jpn

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The development of trait markers of schizophrenia would represent an important advance in understanding the genetic architecture of the disease. To date, no candidate markers have satisfied all of the trait marker criteria, and many are not specific to the schizophrenia spectrum. Abnormalities in visual scanpaths are frequently reported in patients with schizophrenia and are emerging as a novel candidate for a schizophrenia biomarker. Here we review the suitability of scanpath measures as a target for trait marker research in schizophrenia. Papers reporting scanpath patterns in patients with schizophrenia were identified by PubMed and Google Scholar searches and by scanning reference lists in relevant articles. Search terms included "schizophrenia," "psychosis," "scanpath," "scan path," "fixation," "saccade" and "eye movement." Scanpath abnormalities afford impressive sensitivity and specificity and appear largely independent of psychotropic medications. Scanpaths may demonstrate some fluctuation with symptomatology and may be useful in illuminating illness state or subtypes. However, there is evidence that viewing behaviours remain atypical regardless of symptom remission and may be present in unaffected relatives of individuals with schizophrenia. This research is in its early stages, and further investigation regarding patterns of inheritance is required. Our findings support scanpath measures as a favourable topic for further investigation as a trait marker.

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Visual scanning of faces correlates with schizophrenia symptomatology

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

Fear Recognition and the Neural Basis of Social Cognition

Fear Recognition and the Neural Basis of Social Cognition

Neurophysiological Correlates of Configural Face Processing in Schizotypy

Atypical scanpaths in schizophrenia: Evidence of a trait- or state-dependent phenomenon?

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