Visual Plasticity in Adulthood: Perspectives from Hebbian and Homeostatic Plasticity

Bang, Ji Won; Hamilton-Fletcher, Giles; Chan, Kevin C.

doi:10.1177/10738584211037619

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 194 publications

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“…Prior tDCS studies have investigated various types of visual cortex plasticity, including Hebbian plasticity (e.g., perceptual learning) and homeostatic plasticity (e.g., ocular dominance plasticity). The distinct mechanisms underlying these different types of plasticity 32 may explain why tDCS had effects on some types of plasticity but not on ocular dominance plasticity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term ocular dominance plasticity is not modulated by visual cortex tDCS but increases with length of monocular deprivation

Chen

Bobier

Thompson

2023

Sci Rep

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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the occipital lobe may modulate visual cortex neuroplasticity. We assessed the acute effect of visual cortex anodal (a-)tDCS on ocular dominance plasticity induced by short-term monocular deprivation (MD), a well-established technique for inducing homeostatic plasticity in the visual system. In Experiment 1, active or sham visual cortex tDCS was applied during the last 20 min of 2-h MD following a within-subjects design (n = 17). Ocular dominance was measured using two computerized tests. The magnitude of ocular dominance plasticity was unaffected by a-tDCS. In Experiment 2 (n = 9), we investigated whether a ceiling effect of MD was masking the effect of active tDCS. We replicated Experiment 1 but used only 30 min of MD. The magnitude of ocular dominance plasticity was decreased with the shorter intervention, but there was still no effect of active a-tDCS. Within the constraints of our experimental design and a-tDCS parameters, visual cortex a-tDCS did not modulate the homeostatic mechanisms that drive ocular dominance plasticity in participants with normal binocular vision.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term ocular dominance plasticity is not modulated by visual cortex tDCS but increases with length of monocular deprivation

Chen

Bobier

Thompson

2023

Sci Rep

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“…One suggested mechanism for monocular deprivation is homeostatic plasticity ( Baroncelli and Lunghi, 2021 ; Bang et al, 2023 ), an inherent mechanism that maintains the normal functioning of the neural system by stabilizing neuronal activity ( Keck et al, 2017 ). To accomplish this, the mechanism resets the neural system to its baseline state following a perturbation, preventing the system from becoming hyperactive or hypoactive ( Turrigiano, 1999 ; Turrigiano, 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, short-term monocular deprivation and its underlying Wang et al 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1282113 Frontiers in Psychology 02 frontiersin.org mechanisms have been extensively investigated (Lunghi et al, 2015;Bai et al, 2017;Kim et al, 2017;Min et al, 2019;Lyu et al, 2020;Nguyen et al, 2021). One suggested mechanism for monocular deprivation is homeostatic plasticity (Baroncelli and Lunghi, 2021;Bang et al, 2023), an inherent mechanism that maintains the normal functioning of the neural system by stabilizing neuronal activity (Keck et al, 2017). To accomplish this, the mechanism resets the neural system to its baseline state following a perturbation, preventing the system from becoming hyperactive or hypoactive (Turrigiano, 1999;Turrigiano, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negligible contribution of adaptation of ocular opponency neurons to the effect of short-term monocular deprivation

Wang,

Song,

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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IntroductionModeling work on binocular rivalry has described how ocular opponency neurons represent interocular conflict. These neurons have recently been considered to mediate an ocular dominance shift to the eye that has viewed a backward movie for long during which time the other eye is presented with a regular movie. Unlike typical short-term monocular deprivation, the visual inputs are comparable across eyes in that “dichoptic-backward-movie” paradigm. Therefore, it remains unclear whether the ocular opponency neurons are also responsible for the short-term monocular deprivation effect which is prevalently explained by the homeostatic compensation theory. We designed two experiments from distinct perspectives to investigate this question.MethodsIn Experiment 1, we mitigated the imbalance in the activity of opponency neurons between the two eyes during monocular deprivation by presenting video stimuli alternately. In Experiment 2, we directly evaluated the response of opponency neurons before and after monocular deprivation using SSVEP techniques.ResultsConsistent with each other, both experiments failed to provide reliable evidence supporting the involvement of ocular opponency neurons in the short-term monocular deprivation effect.DiscussionOur results suggest that ocular opponency neurons may not play an essential role in the short-term monocular deprivation effect, potentially due to interference from the homeostatic plasticity mechanism.

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“… 7 In PL based on the lateral masking paradigm, the stimuli include a series of Gabor patches with two flanking Gabors, which have been shown to enhance the stimulation and activation of receptive fields in the visual cortex and induce improvement in visual function by facilitating neuronal connections at the cortical level. 8 Polat et al (1994) first reported that the lateral masking paradigm could improve visual function in adult patients with amblyopia, including visual acuity and contrast sensitivity; since then, this training paradigm has also been applied in the treatment of different types of amblyopia as well as other eye diseases, such as myopia, macular degeneration, and glaucoma. 9 – 12 In Polat's study, after training, the subjects' cortical spatial range of lateral interactions increased by a factor of six.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptual Learning Based on the Lateral Masking Paradigm in Anisometropic Amblyopia With or Without a Patching History

Zhou,

He,

Feng

et al. 2024

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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Purpose Perceptual learning (PL) has shown promising performance in restoring visual function in adolescent amblyopes. We retrospectively compared the effect of a well-accepted PL paradigm on patients with anisometropic amblyopia with or without a patching therapy history (patching therapy [PT] group versus no patching therapy [NPT] group). Methods Eighteen PT and 13 NPT patients with anisometropic amblyopia underwent monocular PL for 3 months. During training, patients practiced a Gabor detection task following the lateral masking paradigm by applying a temporal two-alternative forced choice procedure with the amblyopic eye. Monocular contrast sensitivity functions (CSF), visual acuity, interocular differences in visual function metrics, and stereoacuity were compared before and after training. Results PL improved the visual acuity of the amblyopia eyes by 0.5 lines on average in the PT group and 1.5 lines in the NPT group. A significant reduction in the interocular difference in visual acuity was observed in the NPT group ( P < 0.01) but not in the PT group ( P = 0.05). Regarding CSF metrics, the area under the log CSF and cutoff in the amblyopic eyes of the NPT groups increased after training ( P < 0.05). In addition, the interocular differences of the CSF metrics ( P < 0.05) in the NPT group were significantly reduced. However, in the PT group, all the CSF metrics were unchanged after training. A total of 27 of 31 patients in both groups had no measurable stereopsis pretraining, and recovery after training was not significant. Conclusions PL based on a lateral masking training paradigm improved visual function in anisometropic amblyopia. Patients without a patching history achieved greater benefits. Translational Relevance PL based on a lateral masking training paradigm could be a new treatment for amblyopia.

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Visual Plasticity in Adulthood: Perspectives from Hebbian and Homeostatic Plasticity

Cited by 5 publications

References 194 publications

Short-term ocular dominance plasticity is not modulated by visual cortex tDCS but increases with length of monocular deprivation

Short-term ocular dominance plasticity is not modulated by visual cortex tDCS but increases with length of monocular deprivation

Negligible contribution of adaptation of ocular opponency neurons to the effect of short-term monocular deprivation

Perceptual Learning Based on the Lateral Masking Paradigm in Anisometropic Amblyopia With or Without a Patching History

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