Visual Perceptual Skills in Very Preterm Children: Developmental Course and Associations With Neural Activation

Lind, Annika; Parkkola, Riitta; Laasonen, Marja; Vorobyev, Victor; Haataja, Leena; Ekblad, Mikael; Ekblad, Satu; Ekholm, Eeva; Grönroos, Linda; Huhtala, Mira; Jaakkola, Jere; Karukivi, Max; Kero, Pentti; Korja, Riikka; Lahti, Katri; Lapinleimu, Helena; Lehtonen, Liisa; Lehtonen, Tuomo; Leppänen, Marika; Koivisto, Mari; Mattsson, Mira; Maunu, Jonna; Munck, Petriina; Määttänen, Laura; Niemi, Pekka; Nyman, Anna; Ripatti, Liisi; Rautava, Päivi; Saarinen, Katriina; Saarinen, Tiina; Salomäki, Susanna; Saunavaara, Virva; Setänen, Sirkku; Sillanpää, Matti; Stolt, Suvi; Tuomikoski, Päivi; Uusitalo, Karoliina; Ylijoki, Milla

doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2020.04.012

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…One aspect of neuroplasticity that has been reported to affect visual function developmentally is perceptual learning whereby the repeated practice of a visual task is associated with significant and enduring improvements in visual performance [21]. Visual perceptual experiences can affect plastic modifications in the optic pathways and visual system as demonstrated by observable effects on V1 activation in adults observed with f MRI [22][23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Neuroplastic Changes In the Visual System 21 The Process Of Neuroplasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Visual Impairment in Childhood: ‘Blindsight’ and the Sprague Effect Revisited

2021

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The paper discusses and provides support for diverse processes of brain plasticity in visual function after damage in infancy and childhood in comparison with injury that occurs in the adult brain. We provide support and description of neuroplastic mechanisms in childhood that do not seemingly exist in the same way in the adult brain. Examples include the ability to foster the development of thalamocortical connectivities that can circumvent the lesion and reach their cortical destination in the occipital cortex as the developing brain is more efficient in building new connections. Supporting this claim is the fact that in those with central visual field defects we can note that the extrastriatal visual connectivities are greater when a lesion occurs earlier in life as opposed to in the neurologically mature adult. The result is a significantly more optimized system of visual and spatial exploration within the ‘blind’ field of view. The discussion is provided within the context of “blindsight” and the “Sprague Effect”.

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Section: Neuroplastic Changes In the Visual System 21 The Process Of Neuroplasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Visual Impairment in Childhood: ‘Blindsight’ and the Sprague Effect Revisited

2021

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“…However, analysis of the visual function of premature children has shown that, even in the absence of major neurological signs, they are at risk for abnormal visual development [2] and perceptual-motor difficulties detected even before the age of 4 years [11], as well as deficits in cognitive functioning [12]. Of course, in very preterm children these complications increase, having a larger impact on their school performance and everyday life [13,14]. Full-term birth, which starts at 39 weeks and extends to 40 weeks and 6 days, provides the baby with time to develop normally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Performance and Perceptual–Motor Skills of Late Preterm Children and Healthy Controls Using the TVPS-3rd and VMI-6th Editions

2023

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Background: The visual system is key to the learning process, preterm births are commonly followed by visual dysfunctions and other neurological conditions. Objective: to measure, analyze and compare the visual efficacy, visual–perceptual, and visual–motor skills of 20 late preterm children (34–36 weeks) born by caesarean section and appropriate weight for gestational age with 20 healthy controls born at full term by natural birth, age 5 to 12 years, from Querétaro, México. Methods: This was an observational, transverse, and prospective study. Parametric and non-parametric tests were performed using the SPSS 25.0. The visual acuity at distance and near, the phoria state, and the degree of stereopsis were analyzed. The Test of Visual-Perceptual Skills, Third Edition, was used to assess the overall performance, basic, sequencing, and complex processes. Fine motor skills were evaluated using the Visual–Motor Integration Test of Beery, Sixth Edition. Results: Visual acuity at distance and near (p<0.001), stereopsis (p<0.001), and the amount of exophoria at distance (p=0.01) showed statistically significant differences between the groups. The overall performance (p=0.006), basic processes (p=0.001), sequencing processes (p=0.02), and General and Motor VMI (p<0.001 and 0.002, respectively) presented lower values in children born preterm. Conclusion: This research showed that even late preterm children present visual deficiencies and are at risk of delays on perceptual–motor skills. Early evaluation of their visual and motor abilities should be considered in order to help improve their cognitive functioning.

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Visual Perceptual Skills in Very Preterm Children: Developmental Course and Associations With Neural Activation

Cited by 2 publications

References 34 publications

Cortical Visual Impairment in Childhood: ‘Blindsight’ and the Sprague Effect Revisited

Cortical Visual Impairment in Childhood: ‘Blindsight’ and the Sprague Effect Revisited

Visual Performance and Perceptual–Motor Skills of Late Preterm Children and Healthy Controls Using the TVPS-3rd and VMI-6th Editions

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