Visual Perceptual Learning in Human Object Recognition Areas: A Repetition Priming Study Using High-Density Electrical Mapping

Doniger, Glen M.; Foxe, John J.; Schroeder, Charles E.; Murray, Micah M.; Higgins, Beth A.; Javitt, Daniel C.

doi:10.1006/nimg.2000.0684

Cited by 152 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Our findings of a large N1 component only in the high contrast (mixed M/P) and chromatic contrast (P) conditions are consistent with the N1 emerging from ventral stream based upon P system input (Allison et al, 1999;Bentin et al, 1999;Di Russo et al, 2001;Doniger et al, 2000Doniger et al, , 2001. The present findings, however, also provide a potential cautionary note regarding the study of N1 deficits in schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Multiple P1 generators have been identified, with the largest activity observed over dorsal stream sites, with extrastriate (V3, V3a and middle occipital gyrus) (Di Russo et al, 2001;Vanni et al, 2004) as well as striate contributions (Aine et al, 1995;Maier et al, 1987;Vanni et al, 2004). P1 is followed by N1, a negative deflection peaking at approximately 150 ms with multiple generators that may represent P-mediated activation of ventral stream structures such as lateral occipital complex (Bentin et al, 1999;Doniger et al, 2000Doniger et al, , 2001Doniger et al, , 2002). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impairments in generation of early-stage transient visual evoked potentials to magno- and parvocellular-selective stimuli in schizophrenia

Schechter

Butler

Zemon

et al. 2005

Clinical Neurophysiology

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136

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Objective-Patients with schizophrenia demonstrate significant impairments of early visual processing, potentially implicating dysfunction of the magnocellular visual pathway. The present study evaluates transient visual evoked potential (tVEP) responses to stimuli biased toward the magnocellular (M) or parvocellular (P) systems in patients with schizophrenia vs. normal volunteers first to evaluate relative contributions of M and P systems to specific tVEP components in schizophrenia and, second, to evaluate integrity of early M and P processing in schizophrenia.Methods-Seventy-four patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder were compared with 59 control subjects using separate stimuli to assess the tVEP response to M, P and mixed M/P conditions. Stimuli were biased toward M vs. P processing by manipulation of chromatic and achromatic contrast. C1, P1, N1 and P2 components were compared between patients and controls. All subjects showed 20/32 vision or better.Results-Waveforms were obtained to low contrast (M), chromatic contrast (P) and high contrast (mixed M/P) stimuli in both patients and controls. C1 was present to P and mixed M/P stimuli. Patients showed a significant reduction in amplitude and an increase in latency of the C1 component. P1 was elicited primarily by M and mixed M/P stimuli, whereas N1 was elicited primarily by P and mixed M/P stimuli. Patients showed reductions in both P1 and N1 amplitudes across conditions. However, only reductions in P1 amplitude survived covariation for between group differences in visual acuity. Further, P1 amplitude reductions in the M condition correlated with a proxy measure of global outcome.Conclusions-M-and P-selective stimuli elicit differential components of the tVEP. Patients with schizophrenia show significant reductions in response even to simple visual stimuli. Deficits, particularly within the M system, may correlate significantly with global outcome and level of community functioning.Significance-Whereas deficits in high-order cognitive processing have been extensively documented in schizophrenia, integrity of early-stage sensory processing has been studied to a lesser degree. The present findings suggest that deficits in early-stage visual processing are significantly

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairments in generation of early-stage transient visual evoked potentials to magno- and parvocellular-selective stimuli in schizophrenia

Schechter

Butler

Zemon

et al. 2005

Clinical Neurophysiology

Self Cite

136

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“…Brain generators active over this period have been repeatedly localized to the LOC (Kruggel et al, 2001;Murray et al, 2002Murray et al, , 2004bHalgren et al, 2003;Ritzl et al, 2003;Sehatpour et al, 2006). The third stage, occurring over the ϳ240 -400 ms period, is sensitive to perceptual closure processes supporting the recognition of fragmented line drawings of objects (Viggiano and Kutas, 1998;Doniger et al, 2000Doniger et al, , 2001Doniger et al, , 2002Sehatpour et al, 2006) and to illusory contour processes when inducer stimuli are restricted to a single visual hemifield (Brandeis and Lehmann, 1989;Murray et al, 2002). In one paradigm, subjects were shown highly fragmented line drawings of common objects and were successively presented with more complete versions until object recognition and identification was achieved (Doniger et al, 2000.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boundary Completion Is Automatic and Dissociable from Shape Discrimination

et al. 2006

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Normal visual perception readily overcomes suboptimal or degraded viewing conditions through perceptual filling-in processes, enhancing object recognition and discrimination abilities. This study used visual evoked potential (VEP) recordings in conjunction with electrical neuroimaging analyses to determine the spatiotemporal brain dynamics of boundary completion and shape discrimination processes in healthy humans performing the so-called "thin/fat" discrimination task (Ringach and Shapley, 1996) with stimuli producing illusory contours. First, results suggest that boundary completion processes occur independent of subjects' accuracy on the discrimination task. Modulation of the VEP to the presence versus absence of illusory contours [the IC effect (Murray et al., 2002)] was indistinguishable in terms of response magnitude and scalp topography over the 124 -186 ms poststimulus period, regardless of whether task performance was correct. This suggests that failure on this discrimination task is not primarily a consequence of failed boundary completion. Second, the electrophysiological correlates of thin/fat shape discrimination processes are temporally dissociable from those of boundary completion, occurring during a substantially later phase of processing (ϳ330 -406 ms). The earlier IC effect was unaffected by whether the perceived contour produced a thin or fat shape. In contrast, later time periods of the VEP modulated according to perceived shape only in the case of stimuli producing illusory contours, but not for control stimuli for which performance was at near-chance levels. Collectively, these data provide further support for a multistage model of object processing under degraded viewing conditions.

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“…This pattern suggests that the VESPA may well have a distinct cellular activation pattern from that of the VEP, favoring midline structures such as striate cortex and neighboring retinotopically mapped extrastriate regions as well as regions in the dorsal visual stream, activation of which is known to produce midline scalp topographies. Previous studies have shown that the bilateral maps found during the early components of the VEP represent, in large part, activation of structures in the ventral visual stream such as the lateral occipital complex (Doniger et al, 2001;Murray et al, 2004).…”

Section: Scalp Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The VESPA: A method for the rapid estimation of a visual evoked potential

et al. 2006

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Faster and less obtrusive means for measuring a Visual Evoked Potential would be valuable in clinical testing and basic neuroscience research. This study presents a method for accomplishing this by smoothly modulating the luminance of a visual stimulus using a stochastic process. Despite its visually unobtrusive nature, the rich statistical structure of the stimulus enables rapid estimation of the visual system's impulse response. The profile of these responses, which we call VESPAs, correlates with standard VEPs, with r = 0.91, p < 10 −28 for the group average. The time taken to obtain a VESPA with a given signal-to-noise ratio compares favorably to that required to obtain a VEP with a similar level of certainty. Additionally, we show that VESPA responses to two independent stimuli can be obtained simultaneously, which could drastically reduce the time required to collect responses to multiple stimuli. The new method appears to provide a useful alternative to standard VEP methods, and to have potential application both in clinical practice and to the study of sensory and perceptual functions.

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Visual Perceptual Learning in Human Object Recognition Areas: A Repetition Priming Study Using High-Density Electrical Mapping

Cited by 152 publications

References 49 publications

Impairments in generation of early-stage transient visual evoked potentials to magno- and parvocellular-selective stimuli in schizophrenia

Impairments in generation of early-stage transient visual evoked potentials to magno- and parvocellular-selective stimuli in schizophrenia

Boundary Completion Is Automatic and Dissociable from Shape Discrimination

The VESPA: A method for the rapid estimation of a visual evoked potential

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