Visual perception, cognition, and error in dermatologic diagnosis: Key cognitive principles

Ko, Christine J.; Braverman, Irwin M.; Sidlow, Richard; Lowenstein, Eve J.

doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2018.10.082

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The first 11 items (Cronbach's α = .886) referred to the annotations carried out by the teacher (e.g., "The teacher's annotation helped me identify textures specific to a given anomaly"), while the second 11 items (Cronbach's α = .926) referred to annotations carried out directly by the apprentices (e.g., "My annotations helped me identify textures specific to a given anomaly"). These two sets were inspired by analogous research in the area of visual expertise (see Chamberlain & Wagemans, 2015;Ko et al, 2019;Lowenstein et al, 2019). These items were designed to facilitate understanding of whether the annotations affected the apprentices' visual expertise on a whole image and its details, the texture of anomalies and tissues, and some details they had not seen in that image before or previously had not considered relevant.…”

Section: Questionnairesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fostering Apprentice Beauticians’ Visual Expertise Through Annotations: A Design Experiment Using the Platform Realto

Coppi¹,

Cattáneo²

2021

JETS

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Professional beauticians regularly perform skin analyses and should be skilled at observing small skin anomalies and skin damages. However, little is done directly for improving their observation skills at school, during their training. In order to foster apprentices’ observation skills of skin anomalies, a new training scheme exploiting annotations and attention-guiding methods through the use of the platform Realto was developed and tested.A second year class of apprentice beauticians (N=9) was given a pre-test on the visual expertise of skin anomalies. Then, for a semester they attended multiple training sessions where firstly teachers explained skin anomaly images with the help of annotations (attention-guiding) and secondly, students were asked to observe other images of the same anomalies, annotate them, and then provide a textual description of the identified anomaly.At the end of the semester, the trained class completed a post-test and a questionnaire, and group interview have been collected. Another group of apprentices (N=19) of the third year who already completed the skin anomaly course was used as baseline. Results showed that the group who participated in the treatment mentioned almost double the amount of details noticed by the baseline group in the post-test; being trained using annotations and the Realto platform proved effective in developing observation skills, compared to normal lessons. Furthermore, apprentices confirmed, both through the questionnaire and the interviews, that they considered annotations useful for improving their observation skills and that using Realto and its annotation facilities was a good way to achieve this result.

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Section: Questionnairesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fostering Apprentice Beauticians’ Visual Expertise Through Annotations: A Design Experiment Using the Platform Realto

Coppi¹,

Cattáneo²

2021

JETS

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“…The perception of a colored lesion is influenced by which other colors are surrounding it. For example, two identical shades of gray appear different when one is framed with a dark background and the other with a light background [ 14 ]. As a corollary, dermatologists may misperceive erythema in the skin of color patients because the background skin tone is darker [ 4 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, two identical shades of gray appear different when one is framed with a dark background and the other with a light background [ 14 ]. As a corollary, dermatologists may misperceive erythema in the skin of color patients because the background skin tone is darker [ 4 , 14 ]. Despite the recognition of tunnel vision bias in other medical specialties, no research has been done to quantify its effects on dermatologic surgeons [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hiding in Plain Sight: A Retrospective Review of Unrecognized Tumors During Dermatologic Surgery

Reid¹,

Weig²,

Dickinson³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Background: Mohs micrographic surgery requires focused attention that may lead to tunnel vision bias, contributing to not recognizing skin cancer at nearby sites. Objective: It is to determine if a subsequently diagnosed skin cancer was visible at the time of Mohs surgery. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed at a single academic center from 2008 to 2020. Patients who underwent at least two distinct MMS procedures, separated in time to capture subsequent tumors, were included. Results: Four hundred and four individual patients were identified with at least two distinct Mohs procedures, which generated 1,110 Mohs sequences. Fifty-one (4.6%) clinically apparent tumors went unrecognized and 127 (11.4%) tumors were identified and biopsied during the visit. High-risk tumor histology was identified in 10 (20%) unrecognized tumors and 31 (24%) recognized tumors (p-value 0.491). Conclusion: Our study suggests that Mohs surgeons may be overlooking adjacent skin cancers when focusing only on the tumor being surgically treated. Tunnel vision bias may account for part of this phenomenon.

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“…Degree of expertize, previous experience and also subconscious neural mechanisms are driving our attention. 4,5 However, the process of visual perception is not yet completely understood. In past centuries, the "Gestalt Laws" of how people perceive visual components as a whole, instead of many different parts have been established and they are under research as of today.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interstitial dermal infiltrate: an intriguing pattern

Böer‐Auer

2021

Diagnostic Histopathology

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Visual perception, cognition, and error in dermatologic diagnosis: Key cognitive principles

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

Fostering Apprentice Beauticians’ Visual Expertise Through Annotations: A Design Experiment Using the Platform Realto

Fostering Apprentice Beauticians’ Visual Expertise Through Annotations: A Design Experiment Using the Platform Realto

Hiding in Plain Sight: A Retrospective Review of Unrecognized Tumors During Dermatologic Surgery

Interstitial dermal infiltrate: an intriguing pattern

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