Visual Parameters Associated with Recovered Retrobulbar Optic Neuritis

Burde, Ronald M.; Gallin, Pamela F.

doi:10.1016/0002-9394(75)90690-x

Cited by 41 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Changes in visual thresh old is a principle alteration of sensory func tion in these patients. As Burcie and Gallin [21] observed, increased visual threshold in patients having had retrobulbar neuritis, Harms [22] described in similar patients, excessive scattering of thresholds on re peated testing at the same point of the visual field. Furthermore, this abnormal variabil ity can occur in multiple sclerosis patients in conjunction with normal threshold values, as demonstrated by Patterson et al [23] who suggested that intermittent conduction block [24] as well as ephaptic transmission between nerve fibers at demyelinating lesion [25] could explain threshold variability phe nomena noted in these patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Since vi sual threshold may be elevated in subjects with optic neuritis [21], it is probable that, when performing PCIT, the use of a filtered light beam brings the stimulus closer to threshold values. This hypothesis was in fact confirmed in that we observed eyes with altered response to the test for which a nor mal oscillation run could be induced by removing the neutral density filter from the beam path, thus increasing the intensity of the light stimulus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pupil Cycle Induction Test: A Way of Evaluating the Pupillary Light Reflex

Safran¹,

Walser²,

Roth³

et al. 1981

Ophthalmologica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Pupil Cycle Induction Test (PCIT) described here is a simple and sensitive clinical method for the evaluation of afferent pupillary defect. It assesses the difficulty in setting up regular and sustained light-induced pupil oscillations, in contrast to methods assessing the light reflex by timing the oscillations. PCIT was applied to 186 presumably normal eyes (with normal visual acuity and normal fundi). In ten eyes, sustained oscillations could not be induced; further investigation showed that four of these eyes had altered visual-evoked response. The test was also carried out in 34 patients suffering from anterior visual pathway disorders. Sustained pupil oscillations could not be set up in 44 out of the 57 affected eyes. In the present series, significant alteration of light-induced pupil oscillations has been observed in several patterns: (1) immediate alteration; (2) delayed interruption of oscillations without spontaneous recovery, and (3) intermittent periods with oscillations of relatively small amplitude lasting more than three pupil cycles. PCIT assesses changes in light threshold for pupil response. It is suggested that delayed and transient alterations of oscillations are related to time-dependant afferent pupil defects similar to intermittent abnormalities of visual function reported in patients with diseases of the optic nerve or the chiasm.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pupil Cycle Induction Test: A Way of Evaluating the Pupillary Light Reflex

Safran¹,

Walser²,

Roth³

et al. 1981

Ophthalmologica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Abnormally raised luminance thresholds have been shown in patients with previous retrobulbar neuritis (RBN) (Burde and Gallin, 1975;Harms, 1976) and, in the present study, luminance thresholds for patients with a history of visual disturbance, subgroup B, were significantly elevated. Patterson et al (1.980) found raised luminance thresholds at high background luminance levels (leg 3.0 log cd .m -2) in MS patients who had suffered no previous visual symptoms in the eye tested, although all had subclinical optic neuropathy as evidenced by visual field defects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Multiple sclerosis: abnormalities in luminance, chromatic, and temporal function at multiple retinal sites

et al. 1985

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Visual function was assessed in a group of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and in a group of matched normal controls. In these patients the disease was relatively mild. For each subject, measures of a range of psychophysical visual functions were carried out at multiple sites in each eye. Previous reports have only included some of these functions. Here, luminance threshold, two-flash resolution, perceptual latency, luminance critical flicker frequency (CFF), and chromatic CFF were all measured. Variabilities of these functions and correlation between chromatic and luminance CFFs were also evaluated. For both the MS group and the normal control group, the correlations between pairs of visual parameters were not overall significantly greater than chance level. The MS group did give a significantly reduced value relative to the normal group for luminance CFF and for the gradient of the plot of chromatic CFF against luminance CFF. This group was then subdivided according to history of visual involvement. The subgroup with previous visual symptoms had significant impairment for luminance threshold, variability of luminance threshold, luminance CFF, variability of two-flash resolution, and for the gradient of the plot of chromatic CFF against luminance CFF. The subgroup without previous visual symptoms showed no significant impairment for any individual parameter, although the gradient of the plot of chromatic CFF against luminance CFF was lower than normal.

show abstract

“…The test seems sensitive enough to expose minor residual dysfunction of the affected optic nerve where the visual acuity is normalized. Burde & Gallin (1975), not describing their experimental set up, found that only four out of nine patients with optic neuritis demonstrated an abnormal Pulfrich response. Rushton (1975), however, with an experimental set up similars to ours, found 30-50 O/O abnormal results among patients with multiple sclerosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Two of these included only a couple of patients (Grimsdale 1925;Frisen et al 1973); another had 74 patients, but with insufficient representation of any disease entity (Sachs 1946). Rushton (1975) systematically tested 58 patients with multiple sclerosis, comparing the Pulfrich stereoillusion and visual evoked responses (VER), while Burde & Gallin (1975) used the Pulfrich pendulum as a parameter for permanent optic nerve dysfunction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulfrich Pendulum Phenomenon in Patients With a History of Acute Optic Neuritis

Slagsvold

1978

Acta Ophthalmologica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Pulfrich phenomenon is a stereoillusion in which a pendulum swinging at right angles to the line of gaze appears to be describing an elliptical path when absorbing filters are placed in front of one eye. We used two sets of polaroid glasses as adjustable filters. A spot on a modified oscilloscope served at a pendulum bob. Twenty-nine former patients with a history of optic neuritis and visual acuities of greater than or equal to 6/6 in both eyes and twenty-two normal subjects underwent examinations. The patients showed pathological recordings which separated them from the control subjects. The test seems to expose minor residual dysfunction of affected optic nerves where the visual acuity is normalized. This abnormal response when viewing the moving Pulfrich pendulum is probably caused by disturbed neural conduction. The degree of acute visual loss and the time elapsed since the attack did not seem to influence the Pulfrich response. The results may explain why some patients who have recovered from optic neuritis complain of difficulties when viewing moving objects. In addition to the use of Pulfrich illusion test for diagnostic work; i.e. clinical or subclinical attacks of optic neuritis, it can serve as a valuable supplement to the more sophisticated method of visual evoked response.

show abstract

Visual Parameters Associated with Recovered Retrobulbar Optic Neuritis

Cited by 41 publications

References 6 publications

Pupil Cycle Induction Test: A Way of Evaluating the Pupillary Light Reflex

Pupil Cycle Induction Test: A Way of Evaluating the Pupillary Light Reflex

Multiple sclerosis: abnormalities in luminance, chromatic, and temporal function at multiple retinal sites

Pulfrich Pendulum Phenomenon in Patients With a History of Acute Optic Neuritis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About