Visual Noise Selectively Degrades Vision in Migraine

Wagner, Doreen; Manahilov, Velitchko; Löffler, Günter; Gordon, Gael E.; Dutton, Gordon N.

doi:10.1167/iovs.09-4318

Cited by 38 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…An increase in internal noise can explain why migraineurs perform poorer than controls in a range of tasks. 11,18,19,22,51,52 Indeed, those studies explicitly determining the amount of internal noise 18,19,24 have found it to be abnormal in migraine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…57 While all models produce the typical U-shaped masking function and are similar in spirit, 57 they differ substantially in detail. Therefore, we assumed a masking effect with magnitudes depending on SOA and restricted our analysis to the effects of a number of parameters, which have been considered in earlier studies on migraine, 18,19 including internal noise, processing efficiency, and response nonlinearity.…”

Section: Appendix Gain-control Model For Maskingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Migraineurs perform worse than controls in many tasks, consistent with increased levels of internal noise. Differences are reported for low-level tasks, including discrimination of spatial frequency, 15 orientation, 11 flicker, 14 color, 16,17 luminance, 18,19 and long-range inhibition, 20 as well as tasks requiring extrastriate processing, such as global shape 21,22 and global motion coherence thresholds. 14,[21][22][23] Comparison of internal noise levels has shown differences between migraine and controls.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…14,[21][22][23] Comparison of internal noise levels has shown differences between migraine and controls. 18,19,24 The aim of our study was to investigate the nature and extent of visual deficits in migraineurs, and to distinguish between two possible factors: abnormal inhibition and abnormal internal noise. The task required the discrimination of circular shapes in the absence and presence of a mask.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Global Shape Processing Deficits Are Amplified by Temporal Masking in Migraine

Wagner¹,

Manahilov²,

Gordon³

et al. 2013

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendix Gain-control Model For Maskingmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global Shape Processing Deficits Are Amplified by Temporal Masking in Migraine

Wagner¹,

Manahilov²,

Gordon³

et al. 2013

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Y79 cells exhibits disruption of exons 2 through 6 of the retinoblastoma (RB) gene. 35) In addition, Y79 cells express marker proteins that are observed in solid retinal tumors 36,37) and can be induced to differentiate along several lineages. 38,39) Therefore, Y79 cells have been used as an in vitro model to study the mechanisms underlying retinal tumor growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Function and Expression of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters in Cultured Human Y79 Retinoblastoma Cells

Ishikawa

Nagai

Okada

et al. 2010

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy is a serious problem for cancer treatment. Such resistance may develop during drug treatment or may be an inherent feature of a particular tumor type. The 170 kDa multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) P-glycoprotein was the first human ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter to be identified and has the ability to mediate multidrug resistance in cancer cells. Multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRP) including MRP1 and 2 are also involved in multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy. These proteins act as ATP-dependent molecular pumps that extrude a number of anticancer drugs from the cells, which results in decreases in their intracellular concentrations. [1][2][3][4] MRP1 was identified in the non-P-glycoprotein multidrugresistant small cell lung cancer cell line H69 after stepwise exposure to doxorubicin. 5,6) MRP1 shows relatively ubiquitous expression, whereas MRP2, which was initially identified as a canalicular organic anion transporter, is restricted mainly to the renal, intestinal and hepatic epithelia. Since there is extensive overlapping of the tissue distributions of Pglycoprotein and MRP2, it is likely that these two proteins play cooperative roles in pharmacological and toxicological protective functions, by mediating the efflux of different (but partially overlapping) sets of substrates. 7,8) P-glycoprotein extrudes large hydrophobic molecules that are uncharged or positively charged, while the members of the MRP family tend to pump out both hydrophobic uncharged molecules and water-soluble anionic compounds. The lung resistance protein (LRP), which is the major component of complex ribonucleoprotein particles called "vaults," was detected in a non-P-glycoprotein lung cancer cell line. 9) Like P-glycoprotein and MRP, LRP expression by tumor cell lines is believed to be associated with resistance to various anticancer drugs, 10) though the molecular function of LRP remains to be fully elucidated.Retinoblastomas are a rare intraocular malignancy occurring in early childhood. They occur in 1 in 15000 to 20000 live births irrespective of ethnicity or gender. The management of retinoblastomas is complex and includes enucleation and non-enucleation (conservative) techniques. 11) Retinoblastomas have traditionally been treated by enucleation of the affected eye and/or a combination of radiation therapy, cryotherapy or focal laser therapy. 11) Though external beam radiotherapy has been a standard treatment for retinoblastomas, it increases the risk of cosmetic deformities and secondary malignant tumors in the field of irradiation. Currently, the most popular conservative technique is primary systemic chemotherapy, which is also called chemoreduction. 12) Chan et al. 13) reported that increased expression of P-glycoprotein was detected in multidrug-resistant retinoblastoma cell lines as well as in the tumors from which the cell lines were derived, while drug-sensitive retinoblastoma cell lines were negative for P-glycoprotein staining. Subsequently, clinical studies...

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