Visual memory capacity in transsaccadic integration

Prime, Steven L.; Tsotsos, Lia; Keith, Gerald P.; Crawford, J. Douglas

doi:10.1007/s00221-007-0885-4

Cited by 69 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…First, visual stability is not as absolute as introspection would lead us to believe. Stability is preserved only for a limited number of attended objects [26,31,32,77], which is sufficient since those objects guide action and conscious perception [14]. The feeling that we have a complete and stable perception of the entire visual field has been called a 'grand illusion' [16].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual attention and stability

Mathôt

Theeuwes

2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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In the present review, we address the relationship between attention and visual stability. Even though with each eye, head and body movement the retinal image changes dramatically, we perceive the world as stable and are able to perform visually guided actions. However, visual stability is not as complete as introspection would lead us to believe. We attend to only a few items at a time and stability is maintained only for those items. There appear to be two distinct mechanisms underlying visual stability. The first is a passive mechanism: the visual system assumes the world to be stable, unless there is a clear discrepancy between the pre-and post-saccadic image of the region surrounding the saccade target. This is related to the pre-saccadic shift of attention, which allows for an accurate preview of the saccade target. The second is an active mechanism: information about attended objects is remapped within retinotopic maps to compensate for eye movements. The locus of attention itself, which is also characterized by localized retinotopic activity, is remapped as well. We conclude that visual attention is crucial in our perception of a stable world.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to be integrated across saccades, stimuli need to be stored in TSM. Rather than a dedicated mechanism for trans-saccadic perception, TSM appears to rely on working memory [26,31]. TSM has a limited capacity and only information about attended stimuli is retained [31,32].…”

Section: Trans-saccadic Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual attention and stability

Mathôt

Theeuwes

2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…The experimental procedure is similar to one previously described in detail previously (Prime et al, 2007b), but used TMS to investigate the putative neural mechanisms underlying transsaccadic memory. Briefly, as illustrated in Figure 2, the transaccadic memory task required subjects to compare the orientation of a postsaccadic probe relative to the orientation of a presaccadic target at the same location, usually among similar-looking presaccadic distracters.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This process of retaining visual information across saccades is transsaccadic memory. Various studies have shown that transsaccadic memory has a capacity of three to four items (Irwin and Andrews, 1996;Irwin and Gordon, 1998;Prime et al, 2007b); similar to visual working memory (Luck and Vogel, 1997;Vogel et al, 2001). However, transsaccadic memory involves additional computational demands the visual system must solve, which distinguishes itself from visual working memory, such as the egocentric measures of saccade metrics so that the spatial information of objects retained in transsaccadic memory is updated in accordance to the saccade (Hayhoe et al, 1991;Prime et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation over Posterior Parietal Cortex Disrupts Transsaccadic Memory of Multiple Objects

Prime¹,

Vesia²,

Crawford³

2008

Journal of Neuroscience

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The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) plays a role in spatial updating of goals for eye and arm movements across saccades, but less is known about its role in updating perceptual memory. We reported previously that transsaccadic memory has a capacity for storing the orientations of three to four Gabor patches either within a single fixation (fixation task) or between separate fixations (saccade task). Here, we tested the role of the PPC in transsaccadic memory in eight subjects by simultaneously applying single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the right and left PPC, over several control sites, and comparing these to behavioral controls with no TMS. In TMS trials, we randomly delivered pulses at one of three different time intervals around the time of the saccade, or at an equivalent time in the fixation task. Controls confirmed that subjects could normally retain at least three visual features. TMS over the left PPC and a control site had no significant effect on this performance. However, TMS over the right PPC disrupted memory performance in both tasks. This TMS-induced effect was most disruptive in the saccade task, in particular when stimulation coincided more closely with saccade timing. Here, the capacity to compare presaccadic and postsaccadic features was reduced to one object, as expected if the spatial aspect of memory was disrupted. This finding suggests that right PPC plays a role in the spatial processing involved in transsaccadic memory of visual features. We propose that this process uses saccade-related feedback signals similar to those observed in spatial updating.

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Letters persistence after physical offset: Visual word form area and left planum temporale. An fMRI study

Barban

Zannino

Macaluso

et al. 2012

Human Brain Mapping

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Iconic memory is a high-capacity low-duration visual memory store that allows the persistence of a visual stimulus after its offset. The categorical nature of this store has been extensively debated. This study provides functional magnetic resonance imaging evidence for brain regions underlying the persistence of postcategorical representations of visual stimuli. In a partial report paradigm, subjects matched a cued row of a 3 × 3 array of letters (postcategorical stimuli) or false fonts (precategorical stimuli) with a subsequent triplet of stimuli. The cued row was indicated by two visual flankers presented at the onset (physical stimulus readout) or after the offset of the array (iconic memory readout). The left planum temporale showed a greater modulation of the source of readout (iconic memory vs. physical stimulus) when letters were presented compared to false fonts. This is a multimodal brain region responsible for matching incoming acoustic and visual patterns with acoustic pattern templates. These findings suggest that letters persist after their physical offset in an abstract postcategorical representation. A targeted region of interest analysis revealed a similar pattern of activation in the Visual Word Form Area. These results suggest that multiple higher-order visual areas mediate iconic memory for postcategorical stimuli.

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Visual memory capacity in transsaccadic integration

Cited by 69 publications

References 133 publications

Visual attention and stability

Visual attention and stability

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation over Posterior Parietal Cortex Disrupts Transsaccadic Memory of Multiple Objects

Letters persistence after physical offset: Visual word form area and left planum temporale. An fMRI study

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