Visual impairment among 10–14-year school children in Puducherry: A cross-sectional study

Vishnuprasad, R; Bazroy, Joy; Madhanraj, K; Prashanth, Hannah Ranjee; Singh, Zile; Samuel, Abel; Muthukumar, T

doi:10.4103/2249-4863.214983

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…However, the prevalence in the study area was lower than other study reports of developed countries such as Egypt (29.4%) [27], Northern Ireland (3.6%) [21], Nepal (9.1%) [22], Brazil (2.67% and 4.82%) [28,29], two regions of China (6.37% and 7.7%) [30,31], and Australia (6.4%) [32]. is is probably due to variation in the measurement of visual impairment, where in this study, children presenting with a visual acuity of <6/18 in the better eye were considered as visually impaired, whereas majority of the above used children presenting with a visual acuity of less than or equal to 6/12 and specifically, vision ≤6/9 was used in Egypt.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Visual Impairment among Primary School Children in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia

Ferede

Alemu

Gudeta

et al. 2020

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Background. An impairment of the visual system at or shortly after birth adversely affects educational performance of children which typically occurs through vision. Limited evidence on the magnitude and causes of visual impairment is one of the reasons for the low priority given to eye care in low-income countries. Objectives. To estimate the prevalence and determine the causes of visual impairment in primary school children in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia. Materials and Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 1289 children aged 5–15 years who were randomly selected in 9 primary schools (government and private) from May to June 2016. Visual acuity was measured at 6 m using Snellen’s chart, and children with an acuity of less than 6/18 in the better eye underwent refraction and a detailed eye examination. A cause of their impairment was determined. Data were recorded using pretested tools. . Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16 was used to enter and analyze the data using 95% confidence intervals. Results. The prevalence of visual impairment was 1.8%. Refractive errors (nearly 70%) followed by strabismus and cataract, each contributing 4.3%, were the most frequent causes of visual impairment in the study population. Majority (87%) of the children had moderate degree of vision impairment, and 10–15-year age groups are the more affected ones. Children of age fifteen and above showed statistically significant association with visual impairment (p=0.005). Conclusion. The magnitude of visual impairment in primary school children in the study area is significant. School screening programme is recommended to minimize the burden of visual impairment in the study area.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Visual Impairment among Primary School Children in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia

Ferede

Alemu

Gudeta

et al. 2020

Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…This finding was comparable with a study conducted in India reporting that males were also more affected by visual impairment at 31.60% than females at 22.20%. 12 The use of eye care services could be unequal between males and females at this stage and it can be a subject for further research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness among school children in Muzaffarabad, Pakistan

et al. 2018

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Background: Vision loss in childhood has serious implications in all stages of child’s growth and development. It poses social, educational and occupational challenges, with affected children being at greater risk of developing behavioral, psychological and emotional problems, lower self-esteem and poorer social integration. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and identify the causes of visual impairment and blindness in school children of UC Gojra, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan so that prevention strategies could be implemented.Methods: This was a school-based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among public and private schools. A multi-stage stratified random sampling technique was used for selecting study participants aged 5-20 years from 24 schools in Muzaffarabad. The vision of school children was examined for visual acuity using standard Snellen chart. Those participants who had visual acuity of <6/18 in either eye underwent a more detailed ophthalmic examination to diagnose the causes of VI. An exploration of demographic variables was conducted using Chi-square test. Results: The mean age of participants was 10±2.83. The prevalence of visual impairment was 19.6% and 2.3% for severe visual impairment. The age group most affected by VI was 11-15 years (74.2%). There were increased chances of developing VI with advancing age of the participants. Males contributed 88.7% of the cases of VI while females contributed only 11.3%. The class category 5-6 had higher percentage of VI cases (32.7%). Public schools contributed 52.8% of the cases of VI while for private schools the corresponding percentage was 47.2%. The leading cause of VI was refractive error (89.3%) followed by amblyopia (5.0%). Other causes of VI included cataract (1.2%), corneal disease (1.8%), strabismus (1.8%) and nystagmus (0.6%).Conclusions: There is a need to implement school health policy on visual screening prior to admissions in schools and annual eye screening program for early detection and prompt treatment of eye problems among school children in Muzaffarabad.

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“…Second, vision disability rates among girls living in rural versus urban areas within the MDR were not significantly different. The findings of this study are not in agreement with the findings of other studies, which have shown that vision impairment is more prevalent in urban areas, in part due to differences in lifestyle (eg, more frequent participation in indoor leisure activities, such as watching television or using a computer) …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive Epidemiology of Childhood Disability Prevalence by Sex in the Mississippi Delta and Appalachian Regions

McDaniel

Davis

Yahaya

et al. 2019

Journal of School Health

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BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests a rise in childhood disability rates across the United States with males and those with lower socioeconomic status bearing greater burden. We investigated childhood disability rates in the Mississippi Delta (MDR) and Appalachian regions (AR) in comparison to other parts of the country. METHODS:Using data from the US Census Bureau, we calculated childhood disability rates by type and sex at national, regional, and subregional levels. We used risk ratios (RR) to compare childhood disability rates by sex, type, and region. We generated choropleth maps to represent the geographic distribution of disability. RESULTS:Childhood disability was more prevalent, at the national level, among boys (6.64%) than girls (4.08%). Children in the MDR (boys = 8.60%; girls = 5.08%) and AR (boys = 7.81%; girls = 4.83%) had greater risk of disability than those elsewhere in the country (boys = 6.47%; girls = 3.98%), with rates generally higher in rural compared to urban areas in said regions. CONCLUSIONS:Childhood disability affects rural areas of the country more extensively, with the MDR and AR affected to an even greater extent. School-based health centers, in particular, which are disproportionately located in urban areas, could benefit disabled children living in the MDR and AR.

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Visual impairment among 10–14-year school children in Puducherry: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Visual Impairment among Primary School Children in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia

Visual Impairment among Primary School Children in Gondar Town, Northwest Ethiopia

Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness among school children in Muzaffarabad, Pakistan

Descriptive Epidemiology of Childhood Disability Prevalence by Sex in the Mississippi Delta and Appalachian Regions

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