Visual exploration of emotional faces in schizophrenia using masks from the Japanese Noh theatre

Fasshauer, Teresa; Sprenger, Andreas; Silling, Karen; Silberg, Johanna Elisa; Vosseler, Anne; Minoshita, Seiko; Satoh, Shinji; Dörr, Michael; Koelkebeck, Katja; Lencer, Rebekka

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107193

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…We anticipate cognitive load (including visual processing load) is an important factor, with greater cognitive challenges resulting in smaller saccade amplitudes in patients, as observed here with the cognitively more challenging saccadic suppression task compared to the overlap task. This model is supported by previous studies, including our own work showing reduced saccadic amplitudes of self-generated exploratory saccades in patients when scanning static pictures or while watching movies including the aspect of cognitive load of a task 51 – 55 . We can only speculate about the causality of the relationship between small saccadic amplitudes in patients as seen with the saccadic suppression task and other visual exploration tasks on the one hand and considerable burden by visual disturbances in daily life reported by patients on the other hand.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…We can only speculate about the causality of the relationship between small saccadic amplitudes in patients as seen with the saccadic suppression task and other visual exploration tasks on the one hand and considerable burden by visual disturbances in daily life reported by patients on the other hand. First, restricted free visual exploration behavior due to small saccades may result in less visual information sampling and misinterpretation of features in the visual environment provoking visual distrubances 51 – 55 . Second, due to visual perceptual disturbances patients may have difficulties in defining saccade landing positions and thus generate smaller saccades which may reflect more instable visual error processing as observed during saccadic adaptation 28 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Saccadic suppression in schizophrenia

Lencer

Meyhöfer

Triebsch

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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About 40% of schizophrenia patients report discrete visual disturbances which could occur if saccadic suppression, the decrease of visual sensitivity around saccade onset, is impaired. Two mechanisms contribute to saccadic suppression: efference copy processing and backwards masking. Both are reportedly altered in schizophrenia. However, saccadic suppression has not been investigated in schizophrenia. 17 schizophrenia patients and 18 healthy controls performed a saccadic suppression task using a Gabor stimulus with individually adjusted contrast, which was presented within an interval 300 ms around saccade onset. Visual disturbance scores were higher in patients than controls, but saccadic suppression strength and time course were similar in both groups with lower saccadic suppression rates being similarly related to smaller saccade amplitudes. Saccade amplitudes in the saccadic suppression task were reduced in patients, in contrast to unaltered amplitudes during a saccade control task. Notably, smaller saccade amplitudes were related to higher visual disturbances scores in patients. Saccadic suppression performance was unrelated to symptom expression and antipsychotic medication. Unaltered saccadic suppression in patients suggests sufficiently intact efference copy processing and backward masking as required for this task. Instead, visual disturbances in patients may be related to restricted saccadic amplitudes arising from cognitive load while completing a task.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saccadic suppression in schizophrenia

Lencer

Meyhöfer

Triebsch

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, reflexive saccades are considered to be type of cognitive parameter that evaluates attention. Furthermore, to unveil insights regarding the complexity of one's eye movement behavior (to process given information), researchers start to record exploratory scan paths during free‐viewing exploration tasks 53, 57–61 . Clarifying aspects of brain circuitry by illustrating the complex interplay between vision and cognition, 62 eye movement measurements are actively performed in interdisciplinary laboratories that integrate contributions from psychology, neuroscience, economy, philosophy and computer science.…”

Section: Vision Science As a New Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent updates of eye movement abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia: A scoping review

Wolf

Ueda

Hirano

2021

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Aim Although eye‐tracking technology expands beyond capturing eye data just for the sole purpose of ensuring participants maintain their gaze at the presented fixation cross, gaze technology remains of less importance in clinical research. Recently, impairments in visual information encoding processes indexed by novel gaze metrics have been frequently reported in patients with schizophrenia. This work undertakes a scoping review of research on saccadic dysfunctions and exploratory eye movement deficits among patients with schizophrenia. It gathers promising pieces of evidence of eye movement abnormalities in attention‐demanding tasks on the schizophrenia spectrum that have mounted in recent years and their outcomes as potential biological markers. Methods The protocol was drafted based on PRISMA for scoping review guidelines. Electronic databases were systematically searched to identify articles published between 2010 and 2020 that examined visual processing in patients with schizophrenia and reported eye movement characteristics as potential biomarkers for this mental illness. Results The use of modern eye‐tracking instrumentation has been reported by numerous neuroscientific studies to successfully and non‐invasively improve the detection of visual information processing impairments among the screened population at risk of and identified with schizophrenia. Conclusions Eye‐tracking technology has the potential to contribute to the process of early intervention and more apparent separation of the diagnostic entities, being put together by the syndrome‐based approach to the diagnosis of schizophrenia. However, context‐processing paradigms should be conducted and reported in equally accessible publications to build comprehensive models.

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Visual exploration of emotional faces in schizophrenia using masks from the Japanese Noh theatre

Cited by 2 publications

References 46 publications

Saccadic suppression in schizophrenia

Saccadic suppression in schizophrenia

Recent updates of eye movement abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia: A scoping review

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