Visual encoding impairment in patients with schizophrenia: Contribution of reduced working memory span, decreased processing speed, and affective symptoms.

Abstract

Working memory span constrains the effortful visual encoding processes in patients, whereas processing speed decrement accounts for most of their visual encoding deficit. Affective symptoms also have an impact on visual encoding, albeit differently in men and women.

Neural activity during object perception in schizophrenia patients is associated with illness duration and affective symptoms

“…Thus, depression appears to be the genuine predictor of increased brain activation in this area, while the trend association with negative symptoms seems to be a mere artifact of the overlap between negative and depressive symptomatology. This pattern of associations corroborates and extends our previous finding of a role of affective, rather than negative, symptoms in memory performance, observed in several schizophrenia samples (Brébion et al, 2015(Brébion et al, , 2013(Brébion et al, , 2009(Brébion et al, , 2001. Previously reported associations between impaired visual abilities and negative symptoms might similarly have been influenced by depressive symptoms.…”

“…Our previous work suggested that depression and/or anxiety affected verbal (Brébion et al, 2013(Brébion et al, , 2009(Brébion et al, , 2001) as well as visual (Brébion et al, 2015) memory, while potential associations between memory and negative symptoms were mostly an artifact of the overlap between affective and negative symptoms. Depression and anxiety, rather than negative symptoms, might similarly have some effect on visual perception.…”

Psichikos sveikatos sutrikimų turinčių asmenų paprastos ir sudėtingos informacijos apdorojimo greitis

“…Consistent with the results of previous studies suggesting that IPS is an independent cognitive domain related to mental disorder (Brebion et al, 2015;Fryar-Williams & Strobel, 2015;Reppermund et al, 2007), when adjusting for memory and set-shifting ability as possible cofounding variables no changes were found in terms of statistical significance or direction of effect. Nevertheless, the effect sizes were reduced both for simple and complex IPS quite significantly, which leads to believe that cognitive domains in this study are interrelated.…”

“…General slowing of information processing is also related to psychia tric disorders, such as depression (Reppermund et al, 2007;Tsourtos, Thompson, & Stough, 2002), schizophrenia (Brebion et al, 2015;Cella & Wykes, 2013), schizoaffective disorder (Fryar-Williams & Strobel, 2015;Simonsen et al, 2011) and others. These relatively consistent findings of IPS group differences between healthy controls and mental illness could contribute to more general investigations of mechanisms underlying individual differences in IPS.…”

Memory impairment and the mediating role of task difficulty in patients with schizophrenia

“…Indeed, Brebion and colleagues suggest that deeper encoding requires more effort than does encoding at a more superficial level. Patients with schizophrenia tend to do more poorly at tasks requiring deep encoding than at tasks that require superficial encoding in both verbal and visual domains . Additionally, patients with schizophrenia use their working memory span to a greater extent than do healthy controls when doing a task that requires deep encoding, suggesting greater cognitive effort exerted by patients than by controls.…”