Visual disease and PCR assessment of stem base diseases in winter wheat

Turner, Mark D.; Ohara,; Rezanoor,; Nuttall,; Smith, Derek; Nicholson,

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3059.1999.00407.x

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The morphology of cultures was compared with literature data (Nicholson et al 1991;Nirenberg 1981;Dyer et al 1994). Fungi from these cultures were grown on water agar to obtain a sporulation (Bojarczuk 1970 (Smith 1990;Collet et al 1992;Turner 1999). In 2008 a study based on PCR technique was also done in the Department of Mycology Institute of Plant Protection -National Research Institute in Poznań to confirm laboratory results (Turner et al 1999).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Eyespot on Winter Wheat in the Central-Southern Region of Poland

Glazek¹

2009

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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Eyespot is one of the most important diseases of economical significance in wheat production in the regions of Śląskie and Opolskie voivodeships where it presents a permanent problem. The aim of performed experiment was to collect data on the occurrence and characteristics of Oculimacula yallundae and O. acuformis strains in these regions in the years [2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008], and to perform their taxonomic characterization. The studies originated as an attempt to find the explanation of processes related to winter wheat infection by casual agents of this disease in the Śląskie and Opolskie Provinces.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Eyespot on Winter Wheat in the Central-Southern Region of Poland

Glazek¹

2009

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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“…herpotrichoides , W‐type) are the causal agents of eyespot, a disease affecting wheat, barley, oats, rye and many grass species in temperate climates. Eyespot, sharp eyespot (caused by Rhizoctonia cerealis ) and brown foot rot (caused by Microdochium nivale vars nivale and majus and often associated with Fusarium species; Turner et al., 1999) form a disease complex that causes stem base disease in cereals. Eyespot characteristically induces elliptical spots with diffuse margins on the leaf sheath at the base of the stem, which are white to light brown in immature plants, turning darker later.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Real‐time PCR to Discriminate and Quantify the Closely Related Wheat Pathogens Oculimacula yallundae and Oculimacula acuformis

Walsh¹,

Korimbocus²,

Boonham³

et al. 2005

Journal of Phytopathology

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Oculimacula yallundae and O. acuformis are the causal agents of eyespot disease of wheat and other cereals. The two fungi react differently to the application of fungicides, but they cannot be distinguished visually and their occurrence is often masked by other less damaging pathogens. Current methods to detect and distinguish Oculimacula species are impractical when testing large numbers of samples. A real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, suitable for largescale testing, was developed and used for quantitative detection and discrimination of O. yallundae and O. acuformis. As the available DNA sequences differ by only a small number of conserved nucleotide polymorphisms, three different methods were investigated to achieve the desired specificity. A combination of mutagenically separated PCR and a shortened primer gave the best specificity for O. yallundae and O. acuformis, respectively. Although the comparison illustrated the practicalities of each method, it was not possible to devise a fixed set of rules for the design of primers to discriminate two closely related sequences; it is assumed that sequence context is an overriding and difficult to predict factor, and that a range of empirical approaches may need to be taken to reach the specificity required.

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“…Microdochium nivale is one of the predominant fungal pathogens causing brown foot rot and head blight of cereals in mainland Europe (Parry et al ., 1995; Schütze et al ., 1997) and the UK (Pettitt et al ., 1996; Turner et al ., 1999). As a seed‐borne pathogen, it has been reported to cause a reduction of up to 74% in seedling emergence and also significant yield losses when it infects the ears (Humphreys et al ., 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competitive interactions between Microdochium nivale var. majus, M. nivale var. nivale and Fusarium culmorum in planta and in vitro

Simpson¹,

Thomsett²,

Nicholson³

2003

Environmental Microbiology

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Microdochium nivale var. majus and var. nivale are economically important fungal pathogens of cereal seedlings, stem bases and ears, as is the toxigenic species Fusarium culmorum. Competition experiments on seedlings support an earlier report of differential host preference between the varieties of M. nivale on wheat and rye seedlings at 15 degrees C, but showed that it does not extend across a broad range of temperatures. The studies showed that, although interaction is disadvantageous to the less virulent pathogen, it does not confer an advantage to the more virulent pathogen. In mixed inoculum experiments on wheat seedlings at 15 degrees C and 20 degrees C, F. culmorum suppressed the growth of both varieties of M. nivale. However, if M. nivale var. majus became established on the seedlings, it was able to co-suppress colonization of wheat seedlings by F. culmorum. In contrast M. nivale var. nivale did not suppress F. culmorum significantly. The growth of M. nivale var. majus and F. culmorum was also co-suppressed in liquid culture. Significantly, the accumulation of deoxynivalenol mycotoxin was also reduced in the mixed in vitro culture compared with axenic culture of F. culmorum. However, in vitro interaction studies on solidified media were of only limited use in predicting the outcome of competitions in planta.

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Visual disease and PCR assessment of stem base diseases in winter wheat

Cited by 21 publications

References 25 publications

Occurrence of Eyespot on Winter Wheat in the Central-Southern Region of Poland

Occurrence of Eyespot on Winter Wheat in the Central-Southern Region of Poland

Using Real‐time PCR to Discriminate and Quantify the Closely Related Wheat Pathogens Oculimacula yallundae and Oculimacula acuformis

Competitive interactions between Microdochium nivale var. majus, M. nivale var. nivale and Fusarium culmorum in planta and in vitro

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