Visual detection of glucose by hydrogen peroxide test strips

Shi, Lu; Jiao, Ruijuan; Liu, Wei; Li, Baoxin; Jin, Yan

doi:10.1039/d1nj05667k

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…For example, zero-valent Mn nanoparticles were used as peroxidase proxies for the colorimetric detection of hydrogen peroxide [ 70 ]. Considering that the gold standard principle behind the detection of glucose in virtually all commercial sensors is the conversion of H 2 O 2 generated in the reaction between glucose and the enzyme glucose peroxidase to an electric current [ 71 , 72 ] via the standard Prussian Blue reaction at a transducer electrode [ 73 ], it is conceivable that the Mn component of the thin film synthesized and analyzed in this study could be used to add this sensory, diagnostic modality to its smart release properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementation of Polymeric Reservoirs with Redox-Responsive Metallic Nanoparticles as a New Concept for the Smart Delivery of Insulin in Diabetes

Uskoković

2023

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Type 1 diabetes is caused by the inability of the pancreatic beta cells to produce sufficient amounts of insulin, an anabolic hormone promoting the absorption of the blood glucose by various cells in the body, primarily hepatocytes and skeletal muscle cells. This form of impaired metabolism has been traditionally treated with subcutaneous insulin injections. However, because one such method of administration does not directly correspond to the glucose concentrations in the blood and may fail to reduce hyperglycemia or cause hypoglycemia, the delivery of insulin in a glucose-dependent manner has been researched intensely in the present and past. This study tested the novel idea that the supplementation of polymeric reservoirs containing insulin with metallic nanoparticle precursors responsive to the redox effect of glucose could be used to create triggers for the release of insulin in direct response to the concentration of glucose in the tissue. For that purpose, manganese oxide nanoparticles were dispersed inside a poly(ε-caprolactone) matrix loaded with an insulin proxy and the resulting composite was exposed to different concentrations of glucose. The release of the insulin proxy occurred in direct proportion to the concentration of glucose in the medium. Mechanistically, as per the central hypothesis of the study, glucose reduced the manganese cations contained within the metal oxide phase, forming finer and more dissipative zero-valent metallic nanoparticles, thus disrupting the polymeric network, opening up pores in the matrix and facilitating the release of the captured drug. The choice of manganese for this study over other metals was justified by its use as a supplement for protection against diabetes. Numerical analysis of the release mechanism revealed an increasingly nonlinear and anomalous release accompanied by a higher diffusion rate at the expense of chain rigidity as the glucose concentration increased. Future studies should focus on rendering the glucose-controlled release (i) feasible within the physiological pH range and (ii) sensitive to physiologically relevant glucose concentrations. These technical improvements of the fundamental new concept proven here may bring it closer to a real-life application for the mitigation of symptoms of hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes.

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