Visual Cortex: The Continuing Puzzle of Area V2

Boynton, Geoffrey M.; Hegdé, Jay

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2004.06.044

Cited by 39 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Ito and Komatsu (2004) suggested such a scheme to explain responses to angle stimuli, an idea developed further by Boynton and Hegde (2004). Similarly, Hegde and Van Essen (2000) invoked the idea of convergence from V1 onto V2 cells to account for selectivity for complex contours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Account of Cyclopean Edge Responses in Macaque V2

Bredfeldt

Cumming

2006

J. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It has been shown recently that neurons in V2 respond selectively to the edges of figures defined only by disparity (cyclopean edges). These responses are orientation selective, often preferring similar orientations for cyclopean and luminance contours, suggesting that they may support a cue-invariant representation of contours. Here, we investigate the extent to which processing of purely local visual information (in the vicinity of the receptive field) might explain such results, using the most impoverished stimulus possible containing a cyclopean edge (a circular patch of random dots divided into two regions by a single edge). Many V2 cells responded better to the cyclopean edge than to uniform disparities, and most of these were at least broadly selective for the orientation of the cyclopean edge. Two characteristics argue against a cue-invariant contour representation: (1) the cyclopean edge response was frequently abolished by small changes to the component disparities; and (2) although V2 cells frequently responded to both signs of a cyclopean edge (defined by which side of the edge is in front), they did so at different edge locations. These characteristics are consistent with a simple feedforward scheme in which V2 neurons receive inputs from several V1 subunits with different disparity selectivity. We also found a correlation between the preferred orientations for cyclopean edges and contrast stimuli, suggesting that this feedforward wiring is not random. These characteristics suggest that V2 responses to cyclopean edges may be useful in supporting a cue-invariant contour representation higher in the visual pathway.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Account of Cyclopean Edge Responses in Macaque V2

Bredfeldt

Cumming

2006

J. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This model has received substantial empirical support over the years (Ferster & Miller, 2000;Martinez & Alonso, 2003;Reid & Usrey, 2004). Furthermore, it has been extended to explain the response properties of cells across the whole ventral pathway, including V2 (Anzai, Peng, & Van Essen, 2007;Boynton & Hegde, 2004), V4 (Cadieu et al, 2007), and IT neurons (Riesenhuber & Poggio, 1999). Consequently, a family of primate object recognition models has arisen (e.g., Fukushima, 1980;Perrett & Oram, 1993;Riesenhuber & Poggio, 1999Rolls & Milward, 2000;Serre, 2006;Serre et al, 2005;Serre, Oliva, & Poggio, 2007;Wersing & Körner, 2003), each proposing that processing in the ventral stream is hierarchical and feedforward, involving an increase in the complexity of features to which neurons are selective and in the invariance of their responses to several variables from early to late stages of processing.…”

Section: Object Categorization and General Learning Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual object categorization in birds and primates: Integrating behavioral, neurobiological, and computational evidence within a “general process” framework

Soto

Wasserman

2011

Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous comparative work has suggested that the mechanisms of object categorization differ importantly for birds and primates. However, behavioral and neurobiological differences do not preclude the possibility that at least some of those mechanisms are shared across these evolutionarily distant groups. The present study integrates behavioral, neurobiological, and computational evidence concerning the "general processes" that are involved in object recognition in vertebrates. We start by reviewing work implicating error-driven learning in object categorization by birds and primates, and also consider neurobiological evidence suggesting that the basal ganglia might implement this process. We then turn to work with a computational model showing that principles of visual processing discovered in the primate brain can account for key behavioral findings in object recognition by pigeons, including cases in which pigeons' behavior differs from that of people. These results provide a proof of concept that the basic principles of visual shape processing are similar across distantly related vertebrate species, thereby offering important insights into the evolution of visual cognition.

show abstract

“…V2 Hypercomplex Cells (V2HC Layer) V2 has received much less focus from the neuroscientific research community than V1; electrophysiological studies are nearly 10 times more common for V1 than V2 [3]. V2 is known to activate in response to illusory contours of objects [22], it has a complex contrast ratio response and activates for relatively complex shapes and textures [14].…”

Section: V1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While a complex cell will pool simple cells at a common orientation, cells in V2 are known to pool cells at distinct orientations [1,3]. To model this, we introduce the hypercomplex cell [15].…”

Section: V1mentioning

confidence: 99%