Visual contribution to postural stability: Interaction between target fixation or tracking and static or dynamic large-field stimulus

Laurens, Jean; Awai, Lea; Bockisch, Christopher J.; Hegemann, Stefan; Hedel, Hubertus J. A. van; Dietz, Volker; Straumann, Dominik

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.08.241

Cited by 59 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…It is possible that visual anticipation of the randomly approaching objects increased visual anchoring and may have upweighted the visual contribution to the control of posture resulting in excessive sway variability. Visual fixation or anticipation of an unpredictable event in the visual domain strengthens the anchoring of vision to the environment with positive effects on postural stability when the visual environment is reliable (Guerraz et al 2000;Laurens et al 2010). However, when the visual input is attenuated, i.e., during visual field oscillations or in the absence of peripheral visual cues, this anchoring process may compromise postural stability (Glasauer et al 2005;Laurens et al 2010).…”

Section: Sensory Reweighting During Visual Anticipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Visual fixation or anticipation of an unpredictable event in the visual domain strengthens the anchoring of vision to the environment with positive effects on postural stability when the visual environment is reliable (Guerraz et al 2000;Laurens et al 2010). However, when the visual input is attenuated, i.e., during visual field oscillations or in the absence of peripheral visual cues, this anchoring process may compromise postural stability (Glasauer et al 2005;Laurens et al 2010). A similar increase in sway variability was observed in our study when the visual surround was removed or became ambiguous.…”

Section: Sensory Reweighting During Visual Anticipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As environmental conditions change, the CNS may need to upweight or downweight each of the assigned weights, depending on their estimated contributions to postural control. In particular, a stationary full field visual stimulus, which accurately represents the orientation of the environment, provides a useful reference and subsequently its associated weight will increase to improve postural stability Laurens et al 2010). In instances of visual field motion on the other hand, the visual system incorrectly signals self-motion and, therefore, the weight assigned to the visual channel needs to be reduced in order to preserve balance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age-dependent modulation of sensory reweighting for controlling posture in a dynamic virtual environment

Eikema

Hatzitaki

Tzovaras

et al. 2011

AGE

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Older adults require more time to reweight sensory information for maintaining balance that could potentially lead to increased incidence of falling in rapidly changing or cognitively demanding environments. In this study, we manipulated the visual surround information during a collision avoidance task in order to investigate how young and elderly adults engage in sensory reweighting under conditions of visual anticipation. Sixteen healthy elderly (age: 71.5±4.9 years; height: 159.3±6.6 cm; mass: 73.3±3.3 kg) and 20 young (age: 22.8±3.3 years; height: 174.4±10.7 cm; mass: 70.1±13.9 kg) participants stood for 240 s on a force platform under two experimental conditions: quiet standing and standing while anticipating randomly approaching virtual objects to be avoided. During both tasks, the visual surround changed every 60 s from a stationary virtual scene (room) to either a moving room or darkness and then back to a stationary scene to evoke sensory reweighting processes. In quiet standing, elderly showed greater sway variability and were more severely affected by the removal or degradation of visual surround information when compared to young participants. During visual anticipation, sway variability was not different between the age groups. In addition, both young and elderly participants were similarly affected by the degradation or removal of the visual surround. These findings suggest that sensory reweighting in a dynamic virtual environment that evokes visual anticipation interacts with postural state anxiety regardless of age. Elderly show less efficient sensory reweighting in quiet standing due to greater visual field dependence possibly associated with fear of falling.

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Section: Sensory Reweighting During Visual Anticipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sensory Reweighting During Visual Anticipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Age-dependent modulation of sensory reweighting for controlling posture in a dynamic virtual environment

Eikema

Hatzitaki

Tzovaras

et al. 2011

AGE

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“…The small amount of movement generated by postural sway induces a change in structure that involves the conveyance of visual information, so the amount of postural sway increases when visual input is eliminated 9) . Laurens et al 10) reported that both normal elderly persons and stroke patients show increased postural sway after visual input is blocked. In addition, Bowen et al 11) confirmed that stroke patients show increased anteroposterior postural sway when visual input is blocked in a standing posture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Postural Sway According to Surface Stability in Post-stroke Patients

Jung

Cho³

2012

J Phys Ther Sci

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Abstract.[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in postural sway according to surface stability in post-stroke patients.[Subjects] Fifty-eight subjects were recruited on a voluntary basis from the local rehabilitation unit (stroke patients) and community (age-matched older adults). Twenty-nine stroke patients and twenty-nine age-matched older adults who were healthy participated in the study. Participants were classified as the stroke group (28 stroke patients) and control group (28 age-matched older adults). [Methods] This study applied a cross-sectional design. The Good Balance force platform system (Metitur Ltd., Finland) was used to measure the postural sway velocity, area, and distance of subjects under the unstable surface (foam) condition and stable surface condition in the standing posture.[Results] The postural way velocity, area, and distance were significantly higher in under the unstable surface conditions compared with under the stable surface conditions in both groups. In particular, the changes in postural sway velocity (anteroposterior), area, and distance (anteroposterior) under the foam and stable surface conditions were significantly different between the stroke group and control group. [Conclusion] We believe that these results provide basic information on the improvements in balance ability and may be useful in balance training to prevent future falls after stroke.

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“…Human posture stability depends on combination of various internal and external factors and these are referred to the system of human postural control [1]. Its main role is to counteract the effect of gravity and to maintain postural balance under varying terrestrial conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Postural Stability Using Motion Analysis Techniques

Majerník

Živčák

2015

Studies in Computational Intelligence

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The most of the posture stability tests are based on comparison of clinical trials realized in two different conditions, i.e. with and without visual information about surrounding environment. Such tests are performed with eyes open, fixed on certain point in front of the subject, and with eyes closed. The acquired results give us opportunity to understand individual diseases of vestibular system in more details. The main aim of this research study was to integrate the human motion analysis methods to evaluate postural stability and balance control mechanisms in patients with vestibular diseases. A marker-free analysis system was used to detect and evaluate motion of anatomical landmarks in single video camera records. Pilot study was realized at the group of 22 patients to verify both the system functionality and the methodology suitability. All here included patients were evaluated separately as first, because of their different impairments affecting postural control. Then, the results were analysed within the group of here included patients as well. The first results showed that the method was efficient and proved quantitative changes in posture stability parameters as well as their dependence on visual perception. Also, the results obtained in patients with similar symptoms convinced us that the increasing number of analysed subjects and thus increasing database of patients data could help clinicians to identify the background of closely related groups of posture disorders as well as to improve the patients health status by supporting of decision making process aimed to select optimal treatment.

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Visual contribution to postural stability: Interaction between target fixation or tracking and static or dynamic large-field stimulus

Cited by 59 publications

References 20 publications

Age-dependent modulation of sensory reweighting for controlling posture in a dynamic virtual environment

Age-dependent modulation of sensory reweighting for controlling posture in a dynamic virtual environment

Changes in Postural Sway According to Surface Stability in Post-stroke Patients

Evaluation of Postural Stability Using Motion Analysis Techniques

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