Visual Characteristics of Afterimage under Dark Surround Conditions

Abstract

Three psycho-visual experiments were carried out to investigate visual afterimage characteristics of high luminance LEDs under dark surround conditions. The results show that the luminance of illumination, exposure time and background luminance are the primary factors influencing the afterimage’s duration, the color difference between stimulus and background, and visibility. Besides, visual afterimage characteristics are strongly correlated with the luminance contrast between the stimulus and the background, but not for the color difference with a white background. A third-order polynomial regression model was proposed to accurately estimate the afterimage duration, the color difference between stimulus and background, and visibility. The model performance showed high R-squared, low root-mean-square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) values between the predicted and visual characteristics.

On the relationship between afterimages and a simple sensorimotor reaction

“…If we talk about the rate of disappearance of the afterimage, then different values are known here: from hundreds of milliseconds [7,13 – 15] to tens of seconds or more [5,16, 17]. The relaxation time of the afterimage is known to be 4-8 seconds [17,18].…”

“…The results showed that the brightness of the object, exposure time and background brightness were the main factors affecting the duration of the afterimage, the color difference between the stimulus and the background, and visibility [5]. At the same time, for black-and–white images, if the object was brighter than the background, then the afterimage was positive, if the background was lighter, then the afterimage was negative [5,6]. At the same time, it was found that bright afterimages caused by a decrease in brightness were stronger and lasted longer than dark afterimages created by brightness increments of equal sizes [7].…”

“…The study of afterimages was conducted from different directions. The results showed that the brightness of the object, exposure time and background brightness were the main factors affecting the duration of the afterimage, the color difference between the stimulus and the background, and visibility [5]. At the same time, for black-and–white images, if the object was brighter than the background, then the afterimage was positive, if the background was lighter, then the afterimage was negative [5,6].…”