Visual bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in the repair of spinal cord injury

Abstract

An important factor in improving functional recovery from spinal cord injury using stem cells is maximizing the number of transplanted cells at the lesion site. Here, we established a contusion model of spinal cord injury by dropping a weight onto the spinal cord at T7-8. Superparamagnetic iron oxide-labeled bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were transplanted into the injured spinal cord via the subarachnoid space. An outer magnetic field was used to successfully guide the labeled cells to the lesion site. Prussian blue staining showed that more bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells reached the lesion site in these rats than in those without magnetic guidance or superparamagnetic iron oxide labeling, and immunofluorescence revealed a greater number of complete axons at the lesion site. Moreover, the Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale scores were the highest in rats with superparamagnetic labeling and magnetic guidance. Our data confirm that superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles effectively label bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and impart sufficient magnetism to respond to the external magnetic field guides. More importantly, superparamagnetic iron oxide-labeled bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can be dynamically and non-invasively tracked in vivo using magnetic resonance imaging. Superparamagnetic iron oxide labeling of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells coupled with magnetic guidance offers a promising avenue for the clinical treatment of spinal cord injury.

Stem Cells and Labeling for Spinal Cord Injury

“…The signal was very faint two weeks after transplantation and was not detectable at two and seven months after transplantation. In view of the fact that the number of MSCs that reach the lesioned neural tissue after administrationis considered to be low, especially at short time intervals postimplantation, the possibility of targeting MSCs labeled with SPION into the damaged spinal cord by using magnets that produce spatially modulated stray fields was studied [ 52 , 53 ]. Intrathecally transplanted MSCs labeled with SPION were guided by a magnetic field and successfully targeted near the lesion site in the animal spinal cord [ 52 ].…”

Increased Understanding of Stem Cell Behavior in Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Disorders by Use of Noninvasive Cell Imaging

“…Also the intrathecal administration route was evaluated for SPIO-labeled MSCs [ 182 ]. In this study, they used the SPIOs not only as contrast agent but also as a method to magnetically target the labeled cells.…”

Safety of mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases: Results of a 5-year follow-up

“…Состав пациентов был следующий: 369 пациентов, включенных в 8 рандомизированных кон-тролируемых исследований [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], 466 пациентов из 10 нерандомизированных контролируемых исследований [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] и 252 пациента из 18 неконтролируемых клиниче-ских исследований [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]. Из 36 исследований 6 были многоцентровыми [12,13,20,23,32,33].…”

“…Состав пациентов по нозологиям был следующий: 8 рандомизированных контролируемых исследований включали пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми заболева-ниями (острый ИМ [11,12], хроническая сердечная не-достаточность [10,16]), с неврологической патологией (ишемический инсульт [13], повреждения спинного моз-га [17]), трансплантация КМ при злокачественных забо-леваниях крови [15]. В 10 нерандомизированных контро-лируемых исследованиях участвовали пациенты с ИМ в анамнезе [25], после трансплантации почек [27], с онко-гематологической патологией [18,19,23], болезнью трансплантат против хозяина [20,26] или здоровые до-бровольцы [24].…”

“…В 16 исследованиях использовались аутологичные МСК [10,11,13,14,16,17,22,24,25,27,29,31,32,37,43,45], в 8 -аллогенные МСК [12,18,20,34,35,[39][40][41]. В 9 из 36 исследований использовались криоконсервирован-ные МСК [12,18,20,21,23,29,31,32,44], в 1 -как све-жие, так и криоконсервированные МСК [33], в остальных исследованиях применялись только свежие МСК.…”