Visual attention and reading: A test of their relation across paradigms

Cirino, Paul T.; Barnes, Marcia A.; Roberts, Greg; Miciak, Jeremy; Gioia, Anthony

doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2021.105289

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…One of the larger studies examining visual attention that met our gold standard of using a PA and RAN task as controls was by Cirino et al [ 20 ]. They looked at 90 students who were at a high risk of having a reading disorder (mean age: 13.7 years) using letter, number, and Hiragana stimuli with a VAS, visual search, attentional blink, and an IOR task.…”

Section: Results From the Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, the correlations between the visual tasks Cirino et al [ 20 ] used were weak, despite all having been claimed to measure some form of scanning or temporal sequencing. Notably, of the eight different variables examined in the attentional blink task, none correlated significantly even at the uncorrected level with the three visual search tasks.…”

Section: Results From the Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further work on how the paradigm might be understood from the point of view of the Triangle model [ 30 ], the Connectionist Dual-Process model [ 31 ], and the Dual-Route Cascaded model [ 32 ] may thus be useful. Cirino et al [ 20 ] also noted that the VAS task is affected by more variables than simply letter span, and that it is likely to pick up at least some effects of phonology. The extent to which the VAS task measures processes above and beyond just letter span would thus be useful to know.…”

Section: Results From the Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This meant that many issues could not be addressed. Many of the tasks also did not use RAN or PA as covariates, and there were only quite weak findings in Cirino et al [ 20 ] when that was performed. Indeed, in none of the experiments we examined that did not use the VAS task were both of these tasks run.…”

Section: Overall Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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What Is Going on with Visual Attention in Reading and Dyslexia? A Critical Review of Recent Studies

Perry

Long

2022

Brain Sciences

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This critical review examined current issues to do with the role of visual attention in reading. To do this, we searched for and reviewed 18 recent articles, including all that were found after 2019 and used a Latin alphabet. Inspection of these articles showed that the Visual Attention Span task was run a number of times in well-controlled studies and was typically a small but significant predictor of reading ability, even after potential covariation with phonological effects were accounted for. A number of other types of tasks were used to examine different aspects of visual attention, with differences between dyslexic readers and controls typically found. However, most of these studies did not adequately control for phonological effects, and of those that did, only very weak and non-significant results were found. Furthermore, in the smaller studies, separate within-group correlations between the tasks and reading performance were generally not provided, making causal effects of the manipulations difficult to ascertain. Overall, it seems reasonable to suggest that understanding how and why different types of visual tasks affect particular aspects of reading performance is an important area for future research.

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Section: Results From the Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results From the Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results From the Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overall Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

What Is Going on with Visual Attention in Reading and Dyslexia? A Critical Review of Recent Studies

Perry

Long

2022

Brain Sciences

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“…Therefore, other attentional processes involving visual attention orienting or focusing may be more crucial for reading in shallow orthographies (Facoetti et al, 2006). In this respect, the visual search task was reported to be a significant predictor of reading scores after PA and rapid naming (RAN) were controlled for (Cirino et al, 2022).…”

Section: The Role Of Visual Attention In Readingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting word and pseudoword reading in Arabic‐speaking children: the independent contributions of phonological and morphological awareness and visual attention

Layes¹,

Torkia²

2022

British J Special Edu

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The present study explored whether phonological awareness (PA), morphological awareness (MA) and visual attention (VA) independently predict word and pseudoword reading accuracy in native Arabic-speaking children from grades 4 and 5. A total of 141 participants took part in the study, and were divided into two groups of readers with (n = 30) and without (n = 111) dyslexia. PA was measured with orally administered syllable manipulation and deletion tasks. The MA task targeted the dismantling of composite Arabic words into meaningful parts in oral modality. VA was assessed by objects and letters cancellation tasks. The results showed that the two groups differed significantly in all of the measures. The regression analysis output showed that VA emerged as a significant predictor of word and pseudoword reading beyond the predictive role of PA and MA. These results have implications for the understanding of the underlying factors of word and pseudoword reading development in Arabic.

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The visual‐attention span deficit in developmental dyslexia: Review of evidence for a visual‐attention‐based deficit

Valdois

2022

Dyslexia

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The visual attention span (VAS) deficit hypothesis in developmental dyslexia posits that a subset of dyslexic individuals shows a multielement parallel processing deficit due to reduced visual attention capacity. However, the attention‐based interpretation of poor performance on VAS tasks is hotly debated. The purpose of the present paper is to clarify this issue through a critical review of relevant behavioural and neurobiological findings. We first examine the plausibility of alternative verbal interpretations of VAS performance, evaluating whether performance on VAS tasks might reflect verbal short‐term memory, verbal coding or visual‐to‐verbal mapping skills. We then focus on the visual dimensions of VAS tasks to question whether VAS primarily reflects visuo‐attentional rather than more basic visual skills. Scrutiny of the available behavioural and neurobiological findings not only points to a deficit of visual attention in dyslexic individuals with impaired VAS but further suggests a selective endogenous attentional system deficit that relates to atypical functioning of the brain dorsal attentional network. The overview clarifies the debate on what is being measured through VAS tasks and provides insights on how to interpret the VAS deficit in developmental dyslexia.

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Visual attention and reading: A test of their relation across paradigms

Cited by 11 publications

References 96 publications

What Is Going on with Visual Attention in Reading and Dyslexia? A Critical Review of Recent Studies

What Is Going on with Visual Attention in Reading and Dyslexia? A Critical Review of Recent Studies

Predicting word and pseudoword reading in Arabic‐speaking children: the independent contributions of phonological and morphological awareness and visual attention

The visual‐attention span deficit in developmental dyslexia: Review of evidence for a visual‐attention‐based deficit

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