Visual assessment of wilting as a measure of leaf water potential and seedling drought survival

Engelbrecht, Bettina M. J.; Tyree, Melvin T.; Kursar, Thomas A.

doi:10.1017/s026646740700421x

Cited by 52 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The initial large drought screen of 138 different Brachypodium ecotypes highlighted the considerable variation in the size and stature between the ecotypes, both in well-watered and drought stressed conditions. Wilting scores are the most widely used indicator for plant drought stress and have been shown to allow for robust ranking of survival when exposed to drought (Engelbrecht et al, 2007). Hence, visual assessment of plant wilting ( Supplementary Table S2 ) formed the basis for the selection of those ecotypes to be included for a second, more refined drought screen.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linking Dynamic Phenotyping with Metabolite Analysis to Study Natural Variation in Drought Responses of Brachypodium distachyon

et al. 2016

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Drought is an important environmental stress limiting the productivity of major crops worldwide. Understanding drought tolerance and possible mechanisms for improving drought resistance is therefore a prerequisite to develop drought-tolerant crops that produce significant yields with reduced amounts of water. Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium) is a key model species for cereals, forage grasses, and energy grasses. In this study, initial screening of a Brachypodium germplasm collection consisting of 138 different ecotypes exposed to progressive drought, highlighted the natural variation in morphology, biomass accumulation, and responses to drought stress. A core set of ten ecotypes, classified as being either tolerant, susceptible or intermediate, in response to drought stress, were exposed to mild or severe (respectively, 15 and 0% soil water content) drought stress and phenomic parameters linked to growth and color changes were assessed. When exposed to severe drought stress, phenotypic data and metabolite profiling combined with multivariate analysis revealed a remarkable consistency in separating the selected ecotypes into their different pre-defined drought tolerance groups. Increases in several metabolites, including for the phytohormones jasmonic acid and salicylic acid, and TCA-cycle intermediates, were positively correlated with biomass yield and with reduced yellow pixel counts; suggestive of delayed senescence, both key target traits for crop improvement to drought stress. While metabolite analysis also separated ecotypes into the distinct tolerance groupings after exposure to mild drought stress, similar analysis of the phenotypic data failed to do so, confirming the value of metabolomics to investigate early responses to drought stress. The results highlight the potential of combining the analyses of phenotypic and metabolic responses to identify key mechanisms and markers associated with drought tolerance in both the Brachypodium model plant as well as agronomically important crops.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Total water withdrawal began 28 days after sowing and lasted 6 days. Leaf wilting was scored by two individuals according to a 1–6 scale for this trait (1 = no effect, 6 = severe effect) based on the visual assessment categories described by Engelbrecht et al (2007). Plants were weighed immediately after harvest of the above ground biomass.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking Dynamic Phenotyping with Metabolite Analysis to Study Natural Variation in Drought Responses of Brachypodium distachyon

et al. 2016

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“…This measure of desiccation tolerance corresponds closely with seedling performance under drought conditions in the field (Tyree et al . 2003; Engelbrecht et al . 2007b) and represents the lowest water potential and RWC values associated with living leaf tissue (Ludlow 1989; Auge et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of desiccation tolerance in determining tree species distributions along the Malay–Thai Peninsula

Baltzer¹,

Davies²,

et al. 2008

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Summary 1.Patterns of water availability are frequently implicated in local and regional tree species distributions. A major floristic and climatic transition from aseasonal to seasonal evergreen tropical forest is the Kangar-Pattani Line (KPL) in the Indo-Sundaic region of Southeast Asia. We hypothesize that differences in species' drought tolerance will correspond with their distribution with respect to the KPL. Using a common garden study, we assess the role of differences in physiological drought tolerance traits to geographic distributions for 24 tropical tree species in relation to rainfall seasonality. 2. Inherent differences in desiccation tolerance of seedlings were quantified as water potentials and relative water contents (RWCs) below which the plant could no longer support living tissue, and plant water relation parameters were measured using pressure-volume analysis. The relationships among these traits were examined using bivariate trait relationships and a principal components analysis (PCA). The physiological traits contributing most to lethal water potential and RWC were assessed using multiple regression analysis. 3. Distribution-related differences in all desiccation tolerance and pressure-volume traits were detected both with and without phylogenetic correction. Widespread species that occurred in seasonally dry forests were able to maintain living tissue at more negative water potentials and lower RWCs than were species restricted to aseasonal forests. Likewise, widespread species demonstrated more negative water potentials at turgor loss, more negative saturated osmotic potential, lower symplastic water fraction and higher bulk modulus of elasticity values. Turgor loss point (TLP) and bulk modulus of elasticity were the best predictors of lethal water potential while symplastic water fraction and bulk modulus of elasticity were included as predictors of lethal RWC. 4. Inherent differences in physiological traits contributing to drought tolerance are associated with differences in tropical tree species distributions in relation to rainfall seasonality. These results, combined with lack of support for hypothesized historical factors, strongly implicate climate as a determinant of tree species distributions around the KPL.

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“…Leaf wilting was scored on a scale of 1-4 modified from Engelbrecht et al [13] as 1 = no wilting; 2 = slightly wilting; 3 = wilting, wherein the plant showed leaf wilting only during hot hours from which the leaves recovered; 4 = severe wilting, wherein wilted leaves did not recover. The stress treatment did not go as far as killing plants, and therefore, death level was eliminated.…”

Section: Visual Scoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction of Pea DNA Helicase 45 into Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. Hybrid) Enhances Cell Membrane Thermostability and Upregulation of Stress-Responsive Genes Leads to Abiotic Stress Tolerance

et al. 2015

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DNA helicases are motor proteins that play an essential role in nucleic acid metabolism, by providing a duplex-unwinding function. To improve the drought and salinity tolerance of sugarcane, a DEAD-box helicase gene isolated from pea with a constitutive promoter, Port Ubi 2.3 was transformed into the commercial sugarcane variety Co 86032 through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and the transgenics were screened for tolerance to soil moisture stress and salinity. The transgene integration was confirmed through polymerase chain reaction, and the V 0 transgenic events showed significantly higher cell membrane thermostability under normal irrigated conditions. The V 1 transgenic events were screened for tolerance to soil moisture stress and exhibited significantly higher cell membrane thermostability, transgene expression, relative water content, gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic efficiency under soil moisture stress compared to wild-type (WT). The overexpression of PDH45 transgenic sugarcane also led to the upregulation of DREB2-induced downstream stress-related genes. The transgenic events demonstrated higher germination ability and better chlorophyll retention than WT under salinity stress. Our results suggest the possibility for development of increased abiotic stress tolerant sugarcane cultivars through overexpression of PDH45 gene. Perhaps this is the first report, which provides evidence for increased drought and salinity tolerance in sugarcane through overexpression of PDH45.

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Visual assessment of wilting as a measure of leaf water potential and seedling drought survival

Cited by 52 publications

References 25 publications

Linking Dynamic Phenotyping with Metabolite Analysis to Study Natural Variation in Drought Responses of Brachypodium distachyon

Linking Dynamic Phenotyping with Metabolite Analysis to Study Natural Variation in Drought Responses of Brachypodium distachyon

The role of desiccation tolerance in determining tree species distributions along the Malay–Thai Peninsula

Introduction of Pea DNA Helicase 45 into Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. Hybrid) Enhances Cell Membrane Thermostability and Upregulation of Stress-Responsive Genes Leads to Abiotic Stress Tolerance

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