Visual Acuity with Second and Third Generation Night Vision Goggles Obtained from a New Method of Night Sky Simulation Across a Wide Range of Target Contrast

Kotulak, John C.; Rash, Clarence E.

doi:10.21236/ada248786

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…The analysis was conducted on the data obtained with contrast levels of 26% or higher 2 , as three of the four goggle types had data for those conditions. The ANOVA revealed significant main effects of contrast [F(7,35)=34.4, p<0.001] indicating that, acuity increased as a function of increasing contrast, similar to the results of previous research [9][11][12] [13] . There was also a significant effect of NVG type [F(3,15)=28.0, p<0.001] indicating that were differences in acuity between the different types of NVGs tested, with the worst performance resulting from the filtered NVG (NVG A).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…To overcome the difficulties with the Regan and Neima charts, Kotulak and Rash [9] incorporated aspects of the Bailey and Lovie [10] acuity chart design to develop acuity charts that varied in contrast. The Bailey and Lovie acuity chart, which used regular changes in stimulus size for greater precision of acuity measurement, was presented to observers wearing second or third generation NVGs at various levels of contrast.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low light comparison of target visibility with night vision goggles

et al. 2008

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Different night vision goggle image intensification technologies were tested to compare goggle performance in low light conditions. A total of four different night vision goggles were tested in a laboratory dark room. The laboratory tests consisted of viewing Landolt acuity stimuli of different contrast levels with each set of goggles and without the goggles in full light conditions (baseline performance). The results from the laboratory testing indicated that there were significant differences in acuity between the NVGs, particularly for low contrast targets. These data suggest that NVG standards developed using high contrast targets, even in low light conditions may not provide the full story of how the NVG will perform in flight.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low light comparison of target visibility with night vision goggles

et al. 2008

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“…The tumbling E (used by Wiley, 1989;Levine and Rash, 1989) chart has also been used to measure VA through NVGs. Some researchers (Kotulak and Rash, 1992) prefer to use the Bailey and Lovie (1976) eye chart, which has logarithmically spaced letter sizes.…”

Section: Measuring Visual Acuity Through Nvgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual perception and cognitive performance

Capó-Aponte¹,

Temme²,

Task³

et al. 2009

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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The Warfighter in the modern battlespace has a predetermined, but ever-changing, set of tasks that must be performed. Performance on these tasks is affected strongly by the amount and quality of the visual input, as well as by the resultant visual perception and cognitive performance. Visual perception is defined as the mental organization and interpretation of the visual sensory information with the intent of attaining awareness and understanding of the local environment, e.g., objects and events. Cognition refers to the faculty for the human-like processing of this information and application of previously acquired knowledge (i.e., memory) to build understanding and initiate responses. Cognition involves attention, expectation, learning, memory, language, and problem solving. The direct physical stimuli for visual perception are the emitted or reflected quanta of light energy from objects in the visual environment that enters the eyes. It is important to understand that the resulting perception of the stimuli is not only a result of their physical properties (e.g., wavelength, intensity, and hue) but also of the changes induced by the transduction, filtering, and transformation of the physical input by the entire human visual system. This chapter explores some of the more important visual processes that contribute to visual perception and cognitive performance. These include brightness perception, size constancy, visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity, color discrimination, motion perception, depth perception and stereopsis. An analogous discussion of input via the auditory sense is discussed in Chapter 11, Auditory Perception and Cognitive Performance. Brightness Perception In physics, the luminance of an object is exactingly defined as the luminous flux per unit of projected area per unit solid angle leaving a surface at a given point and in a given direction. A more useable definition is the amount of visible light that that reaches the eye from an object. But, when an observer describes how "bright" an object appears, he/she is describing his/her brightness perception of the object. This brightness is the perceptual correlate to luminance and depends on both the light from the object and from the object's background region. Human visual perception of brightness and lightness involves both low-level and higher levels of processing that interact to determine the brightness and lightness of parts of a scene (Adelson, 1999). 1 If a scene was scanned by a photodetector, it would measure the amount of luminance energy at each point in the scene; the more light coming from a particular part of the scene the greater the measured value. The human eye's retinal receptors (cones) respond in a similar manner when a scene is imaged unto it. However the appearance (perception) of a region of the scene can be drastically altered without affecting the response of retinal receptors. The well-known simultaneous contrast effect demonstrates this phenomenon (Figure 10-1). In reality, the two center regions have

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“…They accomplished this by using the near infra-red wavelength of light. This spectrum is invisible to the naked eye, yet can be seen when viewing through a near infra-red viewing 6 device, called the metascope, which is the forerunner of image intensifiers. The army procured large numbers of infra-red lights and metascopes for use in night operations and used them with some success during the Korean conflict.…”

Section: Night Vision Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study (Kotulak & Rash, 1992) 6 has shown that visual acuity degrades more rapidly with decreasing night skylight with second generation devices than it does with third generation as illustrated by Figures 32 and 33. Likewise, Figure 34 shows that visual acuity degrades more quickly with decreasing night skylight when contrast is low than when contrast is high.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Special Operations Forces Using Night Vision Devices

Smith¹

2001

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Visual Acuity with Second and Third Generation Night Vision Goggles Obtained from a New Method of Night Sky Simulation Across a Wide Range of Target Contrast

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Low light comparison of target visibility with night vision goggles

Low light comparison of target visibility with night vision goggles

Visual perception and cognitive performance

Detection of Special Operations Forces Using Night Vision Devices

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