Visual Abilities at 6 Months in Preterm Infants: Impact of Thyroid Hormone Deficiency and Neonatal Medical Morbidity

Simić, Nevena; Westall, Carol A.; Astzalos, E; Rovet, Joanne

doi:10.1089/thy.2009.0128

Cited by 23 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…On the other hand, in a study on preterm infants, Simic et al [20] reported slow blue-yellow and red-green color vision enhancement. Also, albeit rare, male patients are color blind in TH resistance syndrome, which represents a model for fetal hypothyroidism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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The Effect of Hypothyroidism on Color Contrast Sensitivity: A Prospective Study

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The reason is TH effects on the developing fetus change depending on the time frame of TH deficiency. In this regard, transient hypothyroxinemia of prematurity has been linked to suboptimal neurodevelopment [20] . Similarly, cone differentiation and opsin expression are already effected in the fetal period in TH resistance syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Hypothyroidism on Color Contrast Sensitivity: A Prospective Study

et al. 2015

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“…cerebral palsy [13,[37][38][39][40][41]. In the study groups with a positive effect of L-thyroxine on the development of preterm babies, a dose of 6-8 μg/kg body weight was used, slightly improving mental development after 5-10 years.…”

Section: Szkolenie Podyplomowementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Niemniej liczne kohortowe badania retrospektywne dokumentują związek między hipotyroksynemią i opóźnieniem rozwoju psychoruchowego wcześniaków oraz występowaniem w tej grupie mózgowego porażenia dziecięcego [13,[37][38][39][40][41]. W dotychczas obserwowanych grupach, w których stwierdzono pozytywny wpływ leczenia L-tyroksyną na rozwój wcześniaków, stosowano dawkę 6-8 μg/kg masy ciała, co powodowało nieco lepszy rozwój umysłowy widoczny po 5-10 latach.…”

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Wrodzona niedoczynność tarczycy — polskie rekomendacje dotyczące leczenia, monitorowania terapii i badania przesiewowego w specjalnych kategoriach noworodków z wysokim ryzykiem niedoczynności tarczycy

Kucharská

Beń‐Skowronek

Walczak

et al. 2016

Endokrynologia Polska

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Proper treatment of congenital hypothyroidism warrants normal intellectual and physical development. This paper introduces the principles of treatment of congenital hypothyroidism, the recommended levothyroxine dosage, and the aims of therapy with its justification. The principles of treatment, specialist care of the patient, and methods used to evaluate therapeutic effects are described. Based on these data, recommendations concerning treatment and its monitoring in patients with congenital hypothyroidism are formulated. The paper also highlights the importance of educating the patients and/or their caretakers as one of the basic components of an effective therapy. The interpretation of screening tests in preterm neonates is provided as well. In the current screening program in preterm children TSH was determined between days three and five of life and then after three weeks. During this time TSH values are frequently low because of the immaturity of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Due to the increased risk of primary and secondary hypothyroidism in preterm and low birth weight babies the determination of TSH and fT4 between days three and five of life is recommended, irrespective of the screening test. StreszczenieWłaściwe leczenie gwarantuje dziecku z wrodzoną niedoczynnością tarczycy prawidłowy rozwój umysłowy i fizyczny. W pracy przedstawiono zasady leczenia wrodzonej niedoczynności tarczycy, zalecane dawki lewotyroksyny oraz cele terapii wraz z uzasadnieniem. Opisano zasady właściwego monitorowania terapii i metody oceny skuteczności leczenia oraz zasady opieki specjalistycznej nad pacjentem. Na podstawie tych danych przygotowano rekomendacje dotyczące leczenia i monitorowania terapii u pacjentów z wrodzoną niedoczynnością tarczycy. Podkreślono także rolę edukacji pacjenta i jego opiekunów jako jednego z podstawowych elementów skutecznej terapii. W pracy przedstawiono także problem interpretacji testów przesiewowych i leczenie u dzieci przedwcześnie urodzonych. W dotychczas istniejącym programie badań przesiewowych u wcześniaków oznaczano TSH w 3.-5. dobie życia, a następnie po 3. tygodniu życia. Wartości TSH są wówczas często niskie z uwagi na niedojrzały układ podwzgórzowo-przysadkowy. W związku ze zwiększonym ryzykiem pierwotnej i wtórnej niedoczynności tarczycy u wcześniaków i dzieci z niską masą urodzeniową rekomenduje się oznaczenia TSH i fT4 w 3.

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“…While clinically apparent visual dysfunction is not a classic feature of congenital primary hypothyroidism, transiently low TH levels in preterm infants have been associated with visual deficits at 6 months of (corrected) age. 19 Furthermore, hypothyroidism may affect vision more in the setting of coexisting optic nerve disease than it does in isolation. For example, our clinical registry study of subjects with ONH demonstrates that most children with ONH experience some degree of spontaneous improvement in vision during the first few years of life 4,20 ; we hypothesize that low circulating TH levels may preclude vision improvement in previously compromised optic nerves that are already at risk for reduced vision.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Newborn thyroid-stimulating hormone in children with optic nerve hypoplasia: Associations with hypothyroidism and vision

Fink

Vedin

Garcia-Filion

et al. 2012

Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and

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Purpose To assess in children with optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) whether newborn screening (NBS) thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) measurements can detect central hypothyroidism and whether newborn TSH or subsequent thyroidal status is associated with visual function. Methods A subset of patients in the registry of children with ONH at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles who were born in California was used to make a retrospective comparison of NBS TSH levels and subsequent postnatal thyroid status. Another subset of registry subjects with vision and thyroid status data at age 5 years was assessed for the relationship of vision to NBS TSH levels and ultimate thyroidal status. Results A total of 135 subjects from the ONH registry were included in this study. Approximately 50% of subjects in each analysis were hypothyroid. Those diagnosed with hypothyroidism had lower median NBS TSH levels than did euthyroid subjects (3.2 vs 4.5 μIU/mL; P = 0.006) and significantly worse quantitative vision outcomes (median visual acuity, logMAR 3.0 vs 1.0; P = 0.039). Receiver operating characteristic analysis suggested an optimal NBS TSH cut-point of 3.3 μIU/mL. Serum TSH over this level (30/43) was associated with relatively better vision outcomes (median visual acuity, logMAR 1.2 vs 3.3; P = 0.04). Conclusions Children with ONH and lower NBS TSH levels are more likely to have central hypothyroidism and less likely to experience good vision than those with higher NBS TSH levels.

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Visual Abilities at 6 Months in Preterm Infants: Impact of Thyroid Hormone Deficiency and Neonatal Medical Morbidity

Abstract: Our findings signify that some of the weak visual abilities in preterm infants can be accounted for, in part, by their reduced TH levels in the early postnatal period.

Cited by 23 publications

References 36 publications

The Effect of Hypothyroidism on Color Contrast Sensitivity: A Prospective Study

The Effect of Hypothyroidism on Color Contrast Sensitivity: A Prospective Study

Wrodzona niedoczynność tarczycy — polskie rekomendacje dotyczące leczenia, monitorowania terapii i badania przesiewowego w specjalnych kategoriach noworodków z wysokim ryzykiem niedoczynności tarczycy

Newborn thyroid-stimulating hormone in children with optic nerve hypoplasia: Associations with hypothyroidism and vision

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