Visna. The Biology of the Agent and the Disease

Pétursson, Gudmundur; Martin, John R.; Georgsson, Guðmundur; Nathanson, Neal; Pálsson, Páll A.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-9339-6_11

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The presumed source of intrathecal antibody synthesis in visna-infected animals is the plasma cells which are prominently represented in the inflammatory CNS lesions of visna (Georgsson et al 1977;Nathanson et al 1979). The present elevation of CSF IEM concentration suggests a chronic antigenic stimulus, and this is consistent with the persistence of visna in the CNS throughout the lifelong infection (Petursson et al 1976;Petursson et al 1978;Petursson et al 1980).…”

Section: Csf Immunogiobulins In Visnasupporting

confidence: 81%

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Cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulins in sheep with visna, a slow virus infection of the central nervous system☆

Martin¹,

Goudswaard²,

Pálsson³

et al. 1982

Journal of Neuroimmunology

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SummaryIcelandic sheep were injected intracerebrally with visna viru,% wh/ch produces a persistent infection of the CNS accompanied by encephalomyelitis and focal demydinating lesions. Studies were conducted on two groups of sheep, with short-total infections (25 sheep sampled 1-3 months after infection) and long-term ivtcctions (14 sheep sampled 5-6 years after infection). Quantitative determination of CSF immnogiobulin levels 5 years after hafeetion indicated that IgM concentration wa~; usually elevated, IgG2 was occasionally elevated and lgGl was rarely elevated. CSF ofigoclonal bands were seen in about half the sheep examined 5 years after ;~nfection. T~,er¢ was a correlation between high titers of CSF antiviral antibody and both elevated CSF lgM concentration and CSF oligoclonal bands. Serum/CSF IgG1 ratios indicated that the blood-brain barrier was apparently intact in long-term visna infection, consistent with intrath~w.al synthesis of IgM and of antiviral antibody. The alterations in CSF immunoglobulins in visna re, scmble those found in other" persistent CNS virus infections and in multiple sclerosis.

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Section: Csf Immunogiobulins In Visnasupporting

confidence: 81%

“…We have underhaken a series of studies (Georgsson et al 1977(Georgsson et al , 1978Petursson et al 1976Petursson et al , 1978Petursson et al , 1980Nathanson et al 1979Nathanson et al ,, 1980 of the pathogenesis of visna following irtracerebral virus injection of Icelandic sheep, which are particularly susceptible to thi:, disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulins in sheep with visna, a slow virus infection of the central nervous system☆

Martin¹,

Goudswaard²,

Pálsson³

et al. 1982

Journal of Neuroimmunology

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“…Fur thermore, hyperimmunization with ovine and caprine lentiviruses may enhance the severity of disease [50,51]. In visna we have not found any autoimmune response to my elin antigens [52] and there is indirect evi dence that the immune attack is directed against virus-induced antigens on infected cells [14,22], Whether the 'late' primary demyelination is immunopathological in na ture is not known. The pathogenesis of le sions in AIDS is still poorly understood and it is difficult to distinguish between direct damage by the HIV and lesions due to oppor tunistic infections in the immunodeficient patient.…”

Section: Immunopathogenesis O F Visnamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most ovine cell cultures the visna virus replicates well and to a high titer [14]. In this respect the visna virus is much easier to work with than HIV which multiplies readily only in cells carrying CD4 receptor molecules on the surface [41].…”

Section: Target Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maedi-Visna in Sheep: Host-Virus Interactions and Utilization as a Model

1989

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Controlled animal experiments with the ovine maedi-visna virus, the prototype lentivirus, have been carried out for almost 40 years. This non-oncogenic virus leads to a life-long, persistent infection with§low development of lesions in the lungs and in the central nervous system. The virus is present in many cells in a DNA provirus state and its replication and expression is highly restricted in vivo. The basic biological features of maedi-visna virus are quite similar to those of HIV and this ovine lentiviral disease may be useful as a model for infection with human lentiviruses.

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Regression models for time to seroconversion following experimental bovine leukaemia virus infection

Lassauzet¹,

Johnson

Thurmond³

1989

Statistics in Medicine

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This paper develops a parametric model for time to seroconversion after experimental bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) infection, and examines the effects of inoculation route, volume of inoculum, type of inoculation material, and antigen status of donor on seroconversion time. We used parametric and nonparametric statistical methodology to analyse interval data on 150 animals from 13 published reports. The log-logistic model fitted the observed times to seroconversion better than the log-normal or Weibull models, which were the considered alternatives.

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Visna. The Biology of the Agent and the Disease

Cited by 9 publications

References 70 publications

Cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulins in sheep with visna, a slow virus infection of the central nervous system☆

Cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulins in sheep with visna, a slow virus infection of the central nervous system☆

Maedi-Visna in Sheep: Host-Virus Interactions and Utilization as a Model

Regression models for time to seroconversion following experimental bovine leukaemia virus infection

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