Vision Training and Sports

Ciuffreda, Kenneth J.; Wang, Bin

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-8887-4_16

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…These findings are consistent with the idea that processes related to visual hardware, such as visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and depth perception, are limited by the physical optometric properties of the visual system (Abernethy, 1986), which in the fovea are near optimal because of the high density of photoreceptors (Ciuffreda & Wang, 2004). Although these skills may be improved through targeted training, there is little evidence showing that improvements will lead to better real-world performances (Abernethy & Wood, 2001;Wood & Abernethy, 1997).…”

Section: Sensorimotor Learningsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…For example, through different types of generalized training, individuals are able to improve visual skills, such as visual acuity (Deveau, Lovcik, & Seitz, 2014;Poggio, Fahle, & Edelman, 1992;Saarinen & Levi, 1995), contrast sensitivity (Li, Polat, Makous, & Bavelier, 2009;Zhou et al, 2006), spatial orientation sensitivity (Shiu & Pashler, 1992;Vogels & Orban, 1985), and motion sensitivity (Appelbaum, Schroeder, Cain, & Mitroff, 2011;Ball & Sekuler, 1982). This kind of vision training is suggested to improve performance, such as in athletics (Ciuffreda & Wang, 2004). When considered in the context of motor (Karni et al, 1998) and cognitive (Willis et al, 2006) skills, where learning is frequently reported, there has been an increasing realization that the low-level visual skills that were once considered inelastic can be improved through deliberate practice.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensorimotor Learning in a Computerized Athletic Training Battery

Krasich

Ramger

Holton

et al. 2016

Journal of Motor Behavior

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Section: Sensorimotor Learningsupporting

confidence: 75%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensorimotor Learning in a Computerized Athletic Training Battery

Krasich

Ramger

Holton

et al. 2016

Journal of Motor Behavior

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“…A number of visual functions are required for successful performance in sports. These include accurate saccadic eye movements (eye tracking), an intact and full visual field (central and peripheral vision) and stereopsis (binocular, disparity‐based depth perception) to name a few . The present experiment aimed to investigate the role of another one of these requisite visual functions, namely, visual acuity or visual resolution (detail vision).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include accurate saccadic eye movements (eye tracking), an intact and full visual field (central and peripheral vision) and stereopsis (binocular, disparity-based depth perception) to name a few. [1][2][3] The present experiment aimed to investigate the role of another one of these requisite visual functions, namely, visual acuity or visual resolution (detail vision). Optimal visual acuity likely plays a crucial role in the complex sensorimotor tasks associated with athletic performance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of retinal defocus on basketball free throw shooting performance

Bulson

Ciuffreda

Hayes

et al. 2015

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Background: Vision plays a critical role in athletic performance; however, previous studies have demonstrated that a variety of simulated athletic sensorimotor tasks can be surprisingly resilient to retinal defocus (blurred vision). The purpose of the present study was to extend this work to determine the effect of retinal defocus on overall basketball free throw performance, as well as for the factors gender, refractive error and experience. Methods: Forty-four young adult participants of both genders were recruited. They had a range of refractive errors and basketball experience. Each performed 20 standard basketball free throws under five lens defocus conditions in a randomised manner: plano, +1.50 D, +3.00 D, +4.50 D and +10.00 D. Results: Overall, free throw performance was significantly reduced under the +10.00 D lens defocus condition only. Previous experience, but neither refractive error nor gender, yielded a statistically significant difference in performance. Conclusion: Consistent with previous studies of complex sensorimotor tasks, basketball free throw performance was resilient to low and moderate levels of retinal defocus. Thus, for a relatively non-dynamic motor task at a fixed far distance, such as the basketball free throw, precise visual clarity was not critical. Other factors such as motor memory may be important. However, in the dynamic athletic competitive environment it is likely that visual clarity plays a more critical role in one's performance level, at least for specific task demands.

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“…However, such causal inferences must be interpreted with caution given the presence of several inferential threats, such as lack of matched placebo control groups, the absence of randomization, and no limitation on researcher degree-of-freedom through pre-registered designs and analyses [43]. As such, clinical-trial-like training study addressing these limitations is needed to further advance the field and determine if visual skill training can transfer to improved sport performance [44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Vision Training Transfers Positively to Batting Performance Among Collegiate Baseball Batters

Liu

Ferris

Hilbig

et al. 2020

Preprint

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A growing body of evidence demonstrates visual, perceptual, and oculomotor abilities contribute to batting performance in baseball and there is interest in whether training such abilities can transfer positively to batting performance. The current study tested this question through a pre-registered randomized, and placebo-controlled intervention, conducted with 24 collegiate baseball players at two Division 1 universities. Athletes were randomized to receive either dynamic vision training consisting of stroboscopic, anticipatory timing, and eye quickness drills, or placebo drills stylized after control procedures in previous vision therapy studies. Generalized near-transfer was tested via a digital visual-motor task battery (n = 20), while sports-specific intermediate and far transfer of training were evaluated through instrumented batting practice metrics (n = 14) and box score performance in NCAA-sanctioned games (n = 12). The effects of training group were tested on these outcome measures while controlling for covariates such as pre-training expectations and site. Participants averaged 8.50 hours of training with no significant training group differences in adherence, expectations, or baseline assessments. ANCOVA revealed no group differences in measures of visual-motor skills or NCAA game statistics. However, batting practice demonstrated significant improvements in launch angle (p = 0.002, Cohen’s d = 0.74) and hit distance (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.70) for the active cohort relative to the placebo control. This controlled and pre-registered pilot study therefore provides preliminary evidence that vision training may improve batting practice performance, creating new opportunities for the transfer of skill training and warranting further study.Pre-RegistrationAt Open Science Framework on August 9, 2018. DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/496RX. Accessible at https://osf.io/jxh8u

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Vision Training and Sports

Cited by 21 publications

References 58 publications

Sensorimotor Learning in a Computerized Athletic Training Battery

Sensorimotor Learning in a Computerized Athletic Training Battery

Effect of retinal defocus on basketball free throw shooting performance

Dynamic Vision Training Transfers Positively to Batting Performance Among Collegiate Baseball Batters

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