Vision preservation during retinal inflammation by anthocyanin-rich bilberry extract: cellular and molecular mechanism

Miyake, Seiji; Takahashi, Noriko; Sasaki, Mariko; Kobayashi, Saori; Tsubota, Kazuo; Ozawa, Yoko

doi:10.1038/labinvest.2011.132

Cited by 94 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Most of the berries have high anthocyanins content. Oral administration of bilberry extract (contained about 39% anthocyanins) to six weeks old C57BL/6 mice has been shown to prevent impairment of photoreceptor cell function during retinal inflammation [91]. In another study, 132 patients with normal tension glaucoma were supplemented with two anthocyanins capsules (60.0 mg anthocyanin in each capsule) from bilberry daily and have improved visual function, based on the Humphrey visual field test and minimal angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity assessment [90].…”

Section: Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Effects Of Anthocyaninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthocyanidins and anthocyanins: colored pigments as food, pharmaceutical ingredients, and the potential health benefits

Khoo

Azlan

Tang

et al. 2017

Food & Nutrition Research

1,930

1,327

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Anthocyanins are colored water-soluble pigments belonging to the phenolic group. The pigments are in glycosylated forms. Anthocyanins responsible for the colors, red, purple, and blue, are in fruits and vegetables. Berries, currants, grapes, and some tropical fruits have high anthocyanins content. Red to purplish blue-colored leafy vegetables, grains, roots, and tubers are the edible vegetables that contain a high level of anthocyanins. Among the anthocyanin pigments, cyanidin-3-glucoside is the major anthocyanin found in most of the plants. The colored anthocyanin pigments have been traditionally used as a natural food colorant. The color and stability of these pigments are influenced by pH, light, temperature, and structure. In acidic condition, anthocyanins appear as red but turn blue when the pH increases. Chromatography has been largely applied in extraction, separation, and quantification of anthocyanins. Besides the use of anthocyanidins and anthocyanins as natural dyes, these colored pigments are potential pharmaceutical ingredients that give various beneficial health effects. Scientific studies, such as cell culture studies, animal models, and human clinical trials, show that anthocyanidins and anthocyanins possess antioxidative and antimicrobial activities, improve visual and neurological health, and protect against various non-communicable diseases. These studies confer the health effects of anthocyanidins and anthocyanins, which are due to their potent antioxidant properties. Different mechanisms and pathways are involved in the protective effects, including free-radical scavenging pathway, cyclooxygenase pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, and inflammatory cytokines signaling. Therefore, this review focuses on the role of anthocyanidins and anthocyanins as natural food colorants and their nutraceutical properties for health. Abbreviations: CVD: Cardiovascular disease VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Section: Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Effects Of Anthocyaninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthocyanidins and anthocyanins: colored pigments as food, pharmaceutical ingredients, and the potential health benefits

Khoo

Azlan

Tang

et al. 2017

Food & Nutrition Research

1,930

1,327

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Few recent studies have shown the efficacy of anthocyanins in treating inflammatory and neurogenerative diseases (Jeong et al, 2013). Recently, (Miyake et al, 2012) retinal inflammation affecting vision was treated with anthocyanins from bilberry extracts. Purified anthocyanins in clinical trials were demonstrated to improve ocular health (Lee et al, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>In silico</i> docking studies of RP2 (X-Linked retinitis pigmentosa) protein using anthocyanins as potential inhibitors

Priya

Madeswaran

2013

Bangladesh J Pharmacol

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Mutations occurring in X-Linked retinitis pigmentosa (RP2) gene causes retinal damage, ultimately leading to vision loss. Owing to the complications of the disease, there is no effective treatment till date. In the present study, we have refined the crystal structure of RP2 using protein preparation wizard of Glide software. Active site of the protein was predicted with SiteMap program. Five anthocyanin compounds from Syzygium cumini fruit peel were docked into the active site of RP2. Molecular docking calculations were performed by employing Glide XP algorithm. Cyanidin 3,5 diglucoside with lowest Gscore (-12.62 kcal/mol) was rescored subsequently with Prime-MMGBSA binding free energy calculations. Binding affinity (-93.62 kcal/mol) of the inhibitor suggests its potential use in the treatment of retinitis pigmentosa.

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“…Polyphenols, including flavonoids, and especially anthocyanins, are the main components of bilberries [19]. The anthocyanin-rich BE has been used as a pharmaceutical product and popular treatment for vision health problems worldwide [20,21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilberries exert an anti-atherosclerotic effect in lipid-loaded macrophages

Niculescu¹,

Sanda

Simiónescu³

et al. 2013

Open Life Sciences

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We hypothesized that the mechanism responsible for the anti-atherosclerotic action of bilberry extract (BE) is linked to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, and investigated its direct effect on the regulation of apolipoprotein E (apoE) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) secretion from lipid-loaded macrophages. Human THP-1 macrophages were loaded with lipids by incubation with human copper-oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and then exposed to different concentrations of BE (1–5 µg mL−1) obtained from bilberries (mechanically homogenized and solubilized in ethanol). Cellular and secreted proteins, the phosphorylation level of NF-κB and protein kinase A (PKA) were quantified by Western blot and gene expression was evaluated by Real-time PCR. The results showed that BE induced in lipid-loaded macrophages has: (i) an antioxidant effect by reducing the expression of NADPH oxidase subunits, p22phox, p47phox and NOX4, (ii) an anti-inflammatory effect by diminishing the secretion of CRP, MCP-1 and IL-1β and (iii) cholesterol efflux by increasing the secretion of apoE and CETP and by reducing cellular cholesterol content. BE exerted these effects by inhibition of NF-κB and activation of PKA signaling pathways. Our study supports BE therapeutic administration to decrease oxidative and inflammatory stress by a molecular mechanism regulated by NF-κB and PKA signaling pathways in lipid-loaded macrophages.

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Vision preservation during retinal inflammation by anthocyanin-rich bilberry extract: cellular and molecular mechanism

Cited by 94 publications

References 32 publications

Anthocyanidins and anthocyanins: colored pigments as food, pharmaceutical ingredients, and the potential health benefits

Anthocyanidins and anthocyanins: colored pigments as food, pharmaceutical ingredients, and the potential health benefits

<i>In silico</i> docking studies of RP2 (X-Linked retinitis pigmentosa) protein using anthocyanins as potential inhibitors

Bilberries exert an anti-atherosclerotic effect in lipid-loaded macrophages

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