Vision, Attention Control, and Goals Creation System

Abstract

Biological visual attention has been long studied by experts in the field of cognitive psychology. The Holy Grail of this study is the exact modeling of the interaction between the visual sensory and the process of perception. It seems that there is an informal agreement on the four important functions of the attention process: (a) the bottom-up process, which is responsible for the saliency of the input stimuli; (b) the top-down process that bias attention toward known areas or regions of predefined characteristics; (c) the attentional selection that fuses information derived from the two previous processes and enables focus; and (d) the dynamic evolution of the attentional selection process. In the following, we will outline established computational solutions for each of the four functions. OverviewMost of our impressions and memories are based on vision. Nevertheless vision mechanisms and functionalities are still not apparent. How do we perceive shape, color, or motion and how do we automatically focus on the most informative parts of the visual input? It has been long established that primates, including human, use focused attention and fast saccades to analyze visual stimuli based on the current situation or the desired goal. Neuroscientists have proven that neural information related to shape, motion, and color is transmitted through, at least, three parallel and interconnected channels to the brain rather than a single one. Hence a second question arises related to how these channels are "linked" in order to provide useful information to the brain.The Human Visual System (HVS) creates a perceptual representation of the world that is quite different than the two dimensional depiction of the retina.K. Rapantzikos ( ) Image, Video and