Vision and research directions of 6G technologies and applications

Hakeem, Shimaa A. Abdel; Hussein, Hanan; Kim, HyungWon

doi:10.1016/j.jksuci.2022.03.019

Cited by 56 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Among various options, the THz frequency band is emerging as a favorable choice for 6G communication, owing to its high bandwidth and wide frequency span. 2,3) Despite the challenges in developing mature THz wireless communication systems, significant global research breakthroughs have been made. [4][5][6][7] Besides high transmission speeds, the security performance of 6G is also highly anticipated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of THz frequency hopping in the 300 GHz band based on UTC-PD and tunable DFB laser array

Li,

Ye,

Che

et al. 2024

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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We explored the potential of an optoelectronic frequency hopping system within the 300 GHz band, leveraging a tunable distributed feedback (DFB) laser array and uni-traveling carrier photodiode (UTC-PD). Our experiments successfully achieved a 10-channel terahertz (THz) frequency hopping, marking a significant advancement in THz secure communication technologies. Notably, the system exhibited a rapid frequency-hopping capability with a short transition time of 0.8 ms between channels, ranging from 288 GHz to 331 GHz. Further, we conducted data transmission tests at a rate of 5 Gbit/s across several channels. The results were promising, showing each channel maintained a clear eye pattern and a low bit error rate, crucial factors for reliable and secure data transmission. These findings not only demonstrate the efficacy of our system but also open new avenues for high-speed, secure THz communication.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of THz frequency hopping in the 300 GHz band based on UTC-PD and tunable DFB laser array

Li,

Ye,

Che

et al. 2024

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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“…The data rates start from 2 Mbit/s for 802.11 and reach a maximum of 9.608 Gbit/s in the case of 802.11ax [5]. As data-intensive applications such as full High definition (HD) and ultra-HD streaming, smart city initiatives, and virtual reality continue to expand rapidly, alongside upcoming technologies like virtual navigation, metaverse, and holographic augmented reality, the need for high-speed data transmission has become increasingly crucial [6,7]. Additionally, as highlighted in [8], it's worth noting that technologies like ZigBee and Bluetooth Low Energy do not support multiple connections at the same time and relying solely on already crowded and paid cellular networks is not a sustainable solution for the highly interconnected Internet of Things (IoT) future, especially given the prediction that there will be 21.5 billion IoT devices in use by 2025 [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation and measurement of square strip line antenna design and characteristic mode analysis for 5G/WiFi/WLAN applications

Albargi,

Bhatt,

Borisagar

et al. 2024

Phys. Scr.

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In this paper, two novel compact low-profile dual-band plasmonic antennas designed with the help of Characteristic Mode Analysis and parametric study are presented. The plasmonic antennas contain microstrip line-fed strip-loaded patches and partial ground planes. The final proposed antennas cover the two bands in the frequency range of 2.4-2.5 GHz and 5-6 GHz. Plasmonic antennas offer nearly omnidirectional patterns at the desired frequency ranges. Additionally, a detailed parametric study of almost all the design parameters is performed to display the effect of varying those parameters on the resonance frequency at both bands. The parametric study for both antennas has been carried out to optimize the antenna and get better-enhanced results. The antenna is also fabricated and measured results are obtained. The comparison of results shows a good similarity between the simulated and measured results. The designed antenna can be applicable for 5G/ WiFi/WLAN applications.

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“…It can fulfill the new demands that arise due to the exponential increase in users. There will be around 3 billion 5G subscribers across the globe by the end of 2025 [1]- [2]. There are new 5G applications generated every day, such as drive-less cars, smart cities, industry automation, live gaming, tele-education, smart healthcare, virtual reality offices, and many more [3]- [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Gain and Low ECC MIMO Antenna Array for Millimeter Wave Communication Systems

Pant,

Malviya

2024

Preprint

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In this paper, a compact MIMO antenna array is designed with a defected ground structure (DGS) using spatial diversity techniques on a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate. The dimensions of the proposed antenna are 1.4$\lambda_{0}$ $\times$ 2.8$\lambda_{0}$$\times$0.073 $\lambda_{0}$ (15 mm$\times$30 mm$\times$0.79 mm), where $\lambda_{0}$ is the free-space wavelength operating at 28 GHz. The antenna array with DGS has enhanced the gain and isolation of the antenna. The gain of the proposed antenna array is 10.3 dBi with 97.01\% radiation efficiency at 28 GHz resonant frequency. The -10 dB impedance bandwidth lies between 26.95-29.50 GHz, which covers the important mmWave frequency bands such as the n257 at 26-29.5 GHz, the n258 at 24.25?27.5 GHz, and the n261 at 27.5?28.35 GHz.In this paper, the MIMO performance metrics are calculated, such as isolation, envelope correlation coefficient, diversity gain, and channel capacity loss. The ECC value observe is 1.29 $\times$ 10 $^{-7}$ at 28 GHz. The channel capacity loss for MIMO antennas is below 0.4 bps/Hz in the operating band, and the isolation is ($|S_{21}|$ = 45.24 dB) at 28 GHz and ($|S_{21}|$ $\ge$ 28 dB) in the complete operating band All the calculated parameters satisfy the standards of the ITU. The proposed MIMO antenna is a good candidate for a 5G wireless communication system.

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Vision and research directions of 6G technologies and applications

Cited by 56 publications

References 107 publications

Demonstration of THz frequency hopping in the 300 GHz band based on UTC-PD and tunable DFB laser array

Demonstration of THz frequency hopping in the 300 GHz band based on UTC-PD and tunable DFB laser array

Investigation and measurement of square strip line antenna design and characteristic mode analysis for 5G/WiFi/WLAN applications

High Gain and Low ECC MIMO Antenna Array for Millimeter Wave Communication Systems

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