Visible watermarking with reversibility of multimedia images for ownership declarations

Abstract

Digital watermarking technology is primarily the joining of the rightful owner of the protected media. Once the media are suspected to be illegally used, an open algorithm can be used to extract the digital watermark for the purpose of showing the media's ownership. From a hidden watermark in the media from the appearance point of view, general digital watermarking technologies can be divided into two categories: visible watermark technology and invisible watermark technology. Visual watermark technology embeds a watermark into the protected media to declare ownership and deter pirate behavior. In this paper, we propose a reversible visible watermark method, which embeds a binary-imaged watermark into gray-scale images to create a visible watermark. Not using complex calculations, this paper tries to simply change the pixel value to achieve the digital watermark, where our scheme is also against the possible detections with LSB-based manners in use. Furthermore, a reversible steganographic method is used to embed the watermarking information into the watermarking images. The watermark information can then be used to recover the original images.

Visible watermarking based on importance and just noticeable distortion of image regions

“…In some scenarios, such as forensics, medical image analysis, historical art imaging, or military applications, reversible visible watermarking algorithms are required as these algorithms allow legitimate users to remove the embedded watermark and restore the original content [7,8,14,20,22].…”

“…Recently, Hsu et al [7] proposed a reversible visible watermarking method. Binary images were used as the watermarks.…”

Robust watermarking scheme and tamper detection based on threshold versus intensity

“…The PSNR is calculated between the original watermarks and the extracted ones after applying attacks. The attacks include the compression (1), adding noise (2), rotation (3), cropping (4) and median filtering (5). The robustness of our approach are compared with the works in [19,20] and [21].…”

“…The security of computer field is provided with possibility techniques to cover these threats, like digital signature and watermarking techniques [1]. Watermarking techniques are applied in many fields in order to protect the content from unauthorized user [2], ensuring data integrity and authenticity [3], copyright proof [4] and data ownership [5]. The electronic data have to achieve security requirements.…”

Removable Visible Watermarking Using Discrete Fourier Transform

“…The watermark is embedded into the cover image using LSB to produce the watermarked image. Hsu et al (2014) [29] proposed a reversible watermarking scheme in which a binary image is added to the gray-scale image. The visible watermark is simply achieved by modifying the pixel value of the cover image and can be distinguished by human.…”