Visible to Near‐Infrared Persistent Luminescence and Mechanoluminescence from Pr³⁺‐Doped LiGa₅O₈ for Energy Storage and Bioimaging

Abstract

Here, a novel multifunctional phosphor of Li1−xGa5O8:xPr3+ is reported. The crystal structure, mechanoluminescence (ML), persistent luminescence (PersL), photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) are systematically studied. LiGa5O8 emits blue PersL peaked at 437 nm after irradiation by a 254 nm lamp for 10 s, and corresponding PersL can be observed for 30 min by naked eyes. In the same case, the PersL from Li0.995Ga5O8:0.005Pr3+ covers visible to near‐infrared lights (400–1000 nm) which can persist for 120 min. Thermoluminescence analysis shows Pr3+ doping not only increases the shallower trap (0.73 eV) concentration by at least 20 times but also helps the formation of deeper trap centers (0.87 eV). The differences between ML and PersL spectra reveal the selective effects of mechanical stimuli on the transitions of Pr3+ ions. In the end, the fabrication of an intelligent PersL quick response code (QR‐code) permits optical information write‐in after irradiation by a 254 nm lamp and then cryptical information of “SCUT” can be read out by thermal stimulation which shows the potential in information storage. Moreover, the biological tissues penetration experiments and cytotoxicity tests are carried out to display the potential of PersL in bioimaging.

Tunable dual‐mode emission with excellent thermal stability in Ca4ZrGe3O12:Eu phosphors prepared in air for NUV‐LEDs

“…The [GeO 4 ] tetrahedral groups possibly play an electron transferring role in the reduction process as [PO 4 ], [AlO 4 ] and so on. The reduction process can be expressed as follows:…”

Near-infrared mechanoluminescence crystals: a review

“…PersL was detected at the delay time of 2 s after pre-irradiation by a 254 nm lamp for 60 s. (B) Energy level diagrams of Pr 3+ ion and corresponding emission wavelengths. Reproduced with permission from ( Xiong et al., 2019b ). Copyright 2019 WILEY.…”

“…2018 ( Li et al., 2018b ) CaZnOS Hexagonal P 6 3 mc Ca 2+ (6, 1.000) Pr 3+ , etc / Dec. 2018 ( Du et al., 2018 ) SrZn 2 S 2 O Orthorhombic Pmn 2 1 Sr 2+ (6, 1.180) Yb 3+ / Nov. 2019 ( Chen et al., 2020 ) SrZnSO Hexagonal P 6 3 mc Sr 2+ (6, 1.180) Nd 3+ , etc / Nov. 2019 ( Chen et al., 2020 ) CaZnOS Hexagonal P 6 3 mc Ca 2+ (6, 1.000) Er 3+ , etc. / Dec. 2019 ( Li et al., 2020 ) II Aluminates SrAl 2 O 4 Monoclinic P 2 1 Sr 2+ (6, 1.180) Er 3+ / /, 2011 ( Terasawa et al, 2011 ) SrAl 2 O 4 Monoclinic P 2 1 Sr 2+ (6, 1.180) Nd 3+ / Sep. 2020 ( Fujio et al., 2020 ) Gallates LiGa 5 O 8 Cubic P 4 3 32 Li + (6, 0.760) Pr 3+ Pork Sep. 2019 ( Xiong et al., 2019b ) Niobates LiNbO 3 Trigonal R 3c Li + (6, 0.760) Nd 3+ ...…”

Self‐activated persistent luminescence from Ba2Zr2Si3O12for information storage

“…Within these photonic materials, persistent luminescent phosphors which can emit from seconds to even years after stopping the excitation resource stand out, which is favorable for the sustainable development of our society. In recent decades, PersL materials have been extensively applied in photocatalytic hydrogen production, 1 optical information storage, 2,3 in vivo bioimaging, [4][5][6][7] and drug release. 8 Generally, most PersL phosphors require rare earth ions or transition metal ions to act as emitters, 9,10 but such a scarce resource may restrict the application.…”