“…To the best of our knowledge, due to their unusual superior physicochemical properties, high surface-to-volume ratio and unique nanosize structure characteristics, several inorganic and organic metal oxide nanomaterials, and several hybrid nanomaterials, such as TiO 2 , ZnO, CuO ( Kalhapure et al, 2015 ), graphene oxide ( Chen et al, 2014 ), and Fe 3 O 4 -Ag core shell magnetic nanoparticles ( Hemeg, 2017 ), are being increasingly applied as alternative antibacterial agents in biomedical applications. Recent investigations have demonstrated that they exhibit strong antimicrobial activity toward the pathogenic bacteria Streptococcus mutans ( Liu et al, 2014 ) and Xanthomonas perforans ( Paret et al, 2013 ), fungi Fusarium graminearum ( F. graminearum ) ( Liu et al, 2017 ) and a few viruses ( Mishra et al, 2011 ). With their high pertinence to antibacterial applications, the use of nanoparticles for the prevention and control of plant diseases is a promising and valuable topic because of their increased effectiveness, durability and, particularly, their high specific surface area, which can stimulate interactions with living cells ( Kang et al, 2008 ).…”