Visible-light-driven nonsacrificial hydrogen evolution by modified carbon nitride photocatalysts

Nishioka, Shunta; Shibata, Kumiko; Miseki, Yugo; Sayama, Kazuhiro; Maeda, Kazuhiko

doi:10.1016/s1872-2067(21)64015-9

“…This conclusion could also be supported by the results of XPS analysis. As shown in Figure 2e–g, high‐resolution XPS spectrum of Pt 4f could be deconvoluted into two pairs of peaks, which are corresponded to Pt 0 and Pt 2+ , respectively, while the Cr 2p spectrum could be separated into two pairs of peaks related to Cr 3+ species, respectively, in good accordance with the previous reports [25] . Two pairs of XPS peaks corresponding to Co 2+ and Co 3+ species with binding energies at 781.6 and 780.2 eV, respectively, were recorded, confirming the formation of CoO x compounds.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Bottom‐up Synthesis of Single‐Crystalline Poly (Triazine Imide) Nanosheets for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting

Wang

¹

,

Zhang

²

,

Xing

³

et al. 2023

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Poly (triazine imide) (PTI/Li+Cl−), one of the crystalline versions of polymeric carbon nitrides, holds great promise for photocatalytic overall water splitting. In principle, the photocatalytic activity of PTI/Li+Cl− is closely related to the morphology, which could be reasonably tailored by the modulation of the polycondensation process. Herein, we demonstrate that the hexagonal prisms of PTI/Li+Cl− could be converted to hexagonal nanosheets by adjusting the binary eutectic salts from LiCl/KCl or NaCl/LiCl to ternary LiCl/KCl/NaCl. Results reveal that the extension of in‐plane conjugation is preferred, when the polymerisation was performed in the presence of ternary eutectic salts. The hexagonal nanosheets bears longer lifetimes of charge carriers than that of hexagonal prisms due to lower intensity of structure defects and shorter hopping distance of charge carriers along the stacking direction of triazine nanosheets. The optimized hexagonal nanosheets exhibits a record apparent quantum yield value of 25 % (λ=365 nm) for solar hydrogen production by one‐step excitation overall water splitting.

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“…As shown in Figure 2e-g, high-resolution XPS spectrum of Pt 4f could be deconvoluted into two pairs of peaks, which are corresponded to Pt 0 and Pt 2 + , respectively, while the Cr 2p spectrum could be separated into two pairs of peaks related to Cr 3 + species, respectively, in good accordance with the previous reports. [25] Two pairs of XPS peaks corresponding to Co 2 + and Co 3 + species with binding energies at 781.6 and 780.2 eV, respectively, were recorded, confirming the formation of CoO x compounds. The UV-Vis absorption spectra (Figure 3a) show that the optical absorption spectra of all PTI/Li + Cl À samples are almost identical except for the slight blueshift derived from the nano-size effect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Bottom‐up Synthesis of Single‐Crystalline Poly (Triazine Imide) Nanosheets for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting

Wang

¹

,

Zhang

²

,

Xing

³

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Poly (triazine imide) (PTI/Li+Cl−), one of the crystalline versions of polymeric carbon nitrides, holds great promise for photocatalytic overall water splitting. In principle, the photocatalytic activity of PTI/Li+Cl− is closely related to the morphology, which could be reasonably tailored by the modulation of the polycondensation process. Herein, we demonstrate that the hexagonal prisms of PTI/Li+Cl− could be converted to hexagonal nanosheets by adjusting the binary eutectic salts from LiCl/KCl or NaCl/LiCl to ternary LiCl/KCl/NaCl. Results reveal that the extension of in‐plane conjugation is preferred, when the polymerisation was performed in the presence of ternary eutectic salts. The hexagonal nanosheets bears longer lifetimes of charge carriers than that of hexagonal prisms due to lower intensity of structure defects and shorter hopping distance of charge carriers along the stacking direction of triazine nanosheets. The optimized hexagonal nanosheets exhibits a record apparent quantum yield value of 25 % (λ=365 nm) for solar hydrogen production by one‐step excitation overall water splitting.

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“…Thus, [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3À /[Fe(CN) 6 ] 4À is promising for constructing Zschemes [59] with an HEP such as CdS, ZnIn 2 S 4 , CdIn 2 S 4 , g-C 3 N 4 and an OEP such as TaON and WO 3 . [89,90] Recently, monotransition-metal-substituted polyoxometalates have been used as redox shuttles in Z-schemes for overall water splitting. [91] The pH of the reaction medium plays a crucial role in powder suspension Z-schemes because redox shuttle cycles are sensitive to the pH of the environment.…”

Section: Iomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to traditional redox shuttles, such as Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ and IO 3 − /I − , [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3− /[Fe(CN) 6 ] 4− works in a relatively mild pH environment (6–7), has a one‐electron accepting/denoting cycle, and has a lower redox potential. Thus, [Fe(CN) 6 ] 3− /[Fe(CN) 6 ] 4− is promising for constructing Z‐schemes [59] with an HEP such as CdS, ZnIn 2 S 4 , CdIn 2 S 4 , g‐C 3 N 4 and an OEP such as TaON and WO 3 [89,90] . Recently, mono‐transition‐metal‐substituted polyoxometalates have been used as redox shuttles in Z‐schemes for overall water splitting [91] …”

Section: Optimization Strategies For a Powder Suspension Z‐schemementioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic Z‐scheme Overall Water Splitting: Insight into Different Optimization Strategies for Powder Suspension and Particulate Sheet Systems

Wei

¹

,

Zhang

²

,

Wang

³

et al. 2023

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Achieving solar light‐driven photocatalytic overall water splitting is the ideal and ultimate goal for solving energy and environment issues. Photocatalytic Z‐scheme overall water splitting has undergone considerable development in recent years; specific approaches include a powder suspension Z‐scheme system with a redox shuttle and a particulate sheet Z‐scheme system. Of these, a particulate sheet has achieved a benchmark solar‐to‐hydrogen efficiency exceeding 1.1 %. Nevertheless, owing to intrinsic differences in the components, structure, operating environment, and charge transfer mechanism, there are several differences between the optimization strategies for a powder suspension and particulate sheet Z‐scheme. Unlike a powder suspension Z‐scheme with a redox shuttle, the particulate sheet Z‐scheme system is more like a miniaturized and parallel p/n photoelectrochemical cell. In this review, we summarize the optimization strategies for a powder suspension Z‐scheme with a redox shuttle and particulate sheet Z‐scheme. In particular, attention has been focused on choosing appropriate redox shuttle and electron mediator, facilitating the redox shuttle cycle, avoiding redox mediator‐induced side reactions, and constructing a particulate sheet. Challenges and prospects in the development of efficient Z‐scheme overall water splitting are also briefly discussed.

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Visible-light-driven nonsacrificial hydrogen evolution by modified carbon nitride photocatalysts

Cited by 12 publications

References 40 publications

Bottom‐up Synthesis of Single‐Crystalline Poly (Triazine Imide) Nanosheets for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting

Bottom‐up Synthesis of Single‐Crystalline Poly (Triazine Imide) Nanosheets for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting

Bottom‐up Synthesis of Single‐Crystalline Poly (Triazine Imide) Nanosheets for Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting

Photocatalytic Z‐scheme Overall Water Splitting: Insight into Different Optimization Strategies for Powder Suspension and Particulate Sheet Systems

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