Visible Light Communication: Concepts, Applications and Challenges

Matheus, Luiz Eduardo Mendes; Vieira, Alex Borges; Vieira, Luiz F. M.; Vieira, Marcos A. M.; Gnawali, Omprakash

doi:10.1109/comst.2019.2913348

Cited by 409 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…TMDCs have been the most studied 2DLMs, apart from graphene and black phosphorus, for electronic and optoelectronic device applications [20,21]. They have a sizeable bandgap in the visible and near infrared (NIR) range (∼1-2 eV) that is optimal for optoelectronic sensors and light-emitting sources for short-range optical communication [22,23]. Moreover, alloying of the transition metals and chalcogens provides an additional knob for tuning electrical and optical properties [24,25].…”

Section: Optoelectronic Devices Based On Tmdcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optoelectronic and photonic devices based on transition metal dichalcogenides

Thakar

Lodha

2020

Mater. Res. Express

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Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are a family of two-dimensional layered materials (2DLMs) with extraordinary optical properties. They present an attractive option for future multifunctional and high-performance optoelectronics. However, much remains to be done to realize a mature technology for commercial applications. In this review article, we describe the progress and scope of TMDC devices in optical and photonic applications. Various photoresponse mechanisms observed in such devices and a brief discussion on measurement and analysis methods are described. Three main types of optoelectronic devices, namely photodetectors, photovoltaics and lightemitting devices are discussed in detail with a focus on device architecture and operation. Examples showing experimental integration of 2DLM-based devices with silicon photonics are also discussed briefly. A wide range of data for key performance metrics is analysed with insights into future directions for device design, processing and characterization that can help overcome present gaps and challenges. While the field is still in its infancy and requires significant efforts toward standardizing various approaches towards a mature technology, it has already shown promising results in broader aspects of compatibility, integration and performance for future electronics. Sensors are increasingly becoming an integrated part of the global electronic eco-system with the rise of data-driven technologies. There is a growing need for networks of cost-effective, robust and reliable sensors and their integration with present technologies. Optoelectronic and photonic devices are of importance for both sensing as well as high-speed optical communication applications. 2DLMs demonstrate significant light-matter interaction that is tunable with external physical and electronic parameters such as pressure, strain, electric and magnetic field [1-6]. Moreover, 2DLMs show strong dependence of their band structure on thickness with a transition to direct bandgap in monolayers in most of the known 2DLMs [7][8][9]. Graphene has been the most studied material since its discovery in 2004 [10][11][12]. Apart from graphene, there are nearly 1500 possible 2DLMs with a wide range of material properties as predicted by first principle simulations [13]. Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are a family of 2DLMs in the form of MX 2 compounds, where M is a transition metal (Mo, W, Re) and X is a chalcogen (S, Se, Te). TMDCs are promising for electronic applications due to their semiconducting behaviour as opposed to semi-metallic graphene, and better thermal stability than materials such as black phosphorus and silicene [14][15][16][17][18][19]. Optoelectronic devices based on TMDCsTMDCs have been the most studied 2DLMs, apart from graphene and black phosphorus, for electronic and optoelectronic device applications [20,21]. They have a sizeable bandgap in the visible and near infrared (NIR) range (∼1-2 eV) that is optimal for optoelectronic sensors and light-emitting sources for short-ran...

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Section: Optoelectronic Devices Based On Tmdcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optoelectronic and photonic devices based on transition metal dichalcogenides

Thakar

Lodha

2020

Mater. Res. Express

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“…In this section, we describe the relationship of our work to the state of the art in four regards: (1) We contrast our approach with the mobility models that have been used in modeling the effects of human blockage and shadowing in the VLC literature. (2) We explain the differences between this work and the past work that has modeled the impact of human shadowing on the physical layer. 3We contrast our approach with those found in the millimeter-wave communications literature that also model human blockage and shadowing.…”

Section: Relationship To the State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Visible Light Communication (VLC) refers to the transmission of data via light on the 430-770 THz visible spectrum from a Light Emitting Diode (LED), whose emitted light is modulated by data, to a photodiode that serves as the VLC receiver. The main advantage of VLC for indoor communications is the significant data rate increase that VLC can potentially provide over Wi-Fi systems [1], [2]. A key challenge to overcome is the fact that the behavior of humans in indoor settings affects the availability of VLC links.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Line-of-Sight Link Availability in Indoor Visible Light Communication Networks Based on the Behavior of Human Users

et al. 2020

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We characterize the line-of-sight (LOS) link availability in indoor visible light communication (VLC) networks based on the behavior of human users. The VLC link availability is impacted by humans in three distinct ways: (1) Users turn the lights on or off in each room. (2) Users may carry mobile devices. (3) Users constitute mobile obstacles that block or shadow the channel between the transmitter and the receiver. First, we develop a mathematical framework for VLC link availability and a probabilistic model of the VLC network with respect to human behavior in indoor environments. Second, we design a realistic multiuser , indoor VLC system simulation with static and mobile VLC devices that are expected to be found in smart home environments. We present the following four sets of results: (1) We report statistics on the blockage durations of VLC links and categorize the links with respect to these statistics. (2) We demonstrate the performance of Selection Diversity versus Maximal Ratio Combining for mobile VLC devices carried by humans in a smart home setting. (3) We show that optimal LED resource allocation policies for multiple users are impacted by the VLC link blockage events caused by humans. (4) We demonstrate that the link blockage events in different rooms become dependent due to humans who transition between rooms. Based on our results, we provide new directions for the design of network architectures for indoor VLC systems.

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“…Visible Light Communications (VLC) represent a new wireless communication technology which transforms a basic LED lighting device into an intelligent dual purpose tool used for lighting and communications simultaneously [1][2][3][4]. VLC is based on the solid-state lighting devices' fast switching ability, which enables them to be used in communication purposes as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noise Resilient Outdoor Traffic Light Visible Light Communications System Based on Logarithmic Transimpedance Circuit: Experimental Demonstration of a 50 m Reliable Link in Direct Sun Exposure

Avătămăniței

Căilean

Done

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The usage of Visible Light Communications (VLC) technology in automotive applications is very promising. Nevertheless, in outdoor conditions, the performances of existing VLC systems are strongly affected by the sun or other sources of light. In such situations, the strong parasitic light can saturate the photosensitive element and block data communication. To address the issue, this article analyzes the usage of an adaptive logarithmic transimpedance circuit as an alternative to the classical linear transimpedance circuit. The simulation and experimental evaluation demonstrate benefits of the proposed technique, as it significantly expands the communication distance and optical noise functionality range of the VLC systems and reduces the possibility of photoelement saturation. As a result, this approach might enable outdoor VLC sensors to work in strong sun conditions, the experimental results confirming its validity not only in the laboratory but also in outdoor conditions. A reliable 50 m communication distance is reported for outdoor sunny conditions using a standard power traffic light VLC emitter and a PIN photodiode VLC sensor.

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Visible Light Communication: Concepts, Applications and Challenges

Cited by 409 publications

References 145 publications

Optoelectronic and photonic devices based on transition metal dichalcogenides

Optoelectronic and photonic devices based on transition metal dichalcogenides

Characterization of Line-of-Sight Link Availability in Indoor Visible Light Communication Networks Based on the Behavior of Human Users

Noise Resilient Outdoor Traffic Light Visible Light Communications System Based on Logarithmic Transimpedance Circuit: Experimental Demonstration of a 50 m Reliable Link in Direct Sun Exposure

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