Periodate (PI)-based advanced oxidation
process has recently attracted
great attention in the water treatment processes. In this study, solar
irradiation was used for PI activation to disinfect waterborne bacteria.
The PI/solar irradiation system could inactivate Escherichia
coli below the limit of detection (LOD, 10 CFU mL–1) with initial concentrations of 1 × 106, 1 × 107, and 1 × 108 CFU mL–1 within 20, 40, and 100 min, respectively. •O2
– and •OH radicals
contributed to the bacterial disinfection. These reactive radicals
could attack and penetrate the cell membrane, thereby increasing the
amount of intracellular reactive oxygen species and destroying the
intracellular defense system. The damage of the cell membrane caused
the leakage of intracellular K+ and DNA (that could be
eventually degraded). Excellent bacterial disinfection performance
in PI/solar irradiation systems was achieved in a wide range of solution
pH (3–9), with coexisting humic acid (0.1–10 mg L–1) and broad solution ionic strengths (15–600
mM). The PI/solar irradiation system could also efficiently inactivate
Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis. Moreover,
PI activated by natural sunlight irradiation could inactivate 1 ×
107 CFU mL–1 viable E.
coli below the LOD in the river and sea waters with
a working volume of 1 L in 40 and 50 min, respectively. Clearly, the
PI/solar system could be potentially applied to disinfect bacteria
in water.