Abstract:Resumo Neste artigo, realizei uma análise espacial gerada em ambiente de Sistema de Informação Geográfico (SIG) sobre o cenário de ocupação dos grupos construtores de cerritos no estuário da laguna dos Patos, extremo Sul do Brasil. Busquei analisar a intervisibilidade entre os distintos complexos de sítios arqueológicos da região, assim como a visibilidade a partir dos sítios em relação a uma rota de mobilidade aquática publicada em trabalho anterior. Com base nos dados analíticos, nas informações etnohistóric… Show more
“…The results of locational analyses have shown how the quest for prominence, the visibility between sites and the environment, and mobility in areas prone to flooding could be decisive factors in terms of the location and distribution of mound sites [42]. Along similar lines, recent analyses in Patos lagoon (Brazil) propose a model of aquatic mobility which recognizes sailing as a key factor in the pattern of settlement [21] and visibility as a mechanism of territorial control [20]. The conclusions of these studies have been central arguments in discussing aspects such as the social organization of the communities, sedentarism and the nature of landscape transformations.…”
Section: A Spatial Approach In the South Atlantic Lowlandsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The emergence and development of these architectures have been considered as indicators of occupation processes with extremely heterogeneous sociopolitical trajectories [1,2,4,[11][12][13]. Different types of earthen constructions appear in the flood plains of the Orinoco [14], associated with the main watercourses and deltas of the Amazon River [1,2,12], on the coast of the Guayanas [8], on the Moxos Plains in Bolivia [15,16], in the deltas of the Paraná River and Uruguay River [17], in the wetlands of the upper Paraguay River [18,19] and in the basins of the coastal lagoons of the south of Brazil [20,21], as well as the east and northeast of Uruguay [22][23][24][25]. The observation of these transformations has given rise to the recognition of monumental landscapes [26], managed landscapes [27] and domesticated landscapes [4].…”
This paper presents new data on the spatial organization of mound-builder groups in the India Muerta wetlands, Uruguay. This area presents the beginning of land architecture in the region (ca. 4800–5000 years BP), associated with more arid climate. This construction tradition continues and intensifies, mainly from ca 3000 years BP, from the establishment of warmer and damper conditions. New sources of information and geospatial technologies have made it possible to locate mound sites with greater precision, as well as to analyze settlement patterns. Indigenous communities occupied areas of hills, plains and wetlands, showing differences but also regularities in spatial organization in each area. In the whole area, earthen mound complexes form groups of different orders, from regional to domestic units, configured by mounds, negative structures and limited spaces. The location of the mounds is primarily in dry areas, known locally as islands, which are prominent in the landscape during floods in this wetland-dominated environment. Through this analysis of the landscape, this work delves into the underlying logic of the social construction of the territory. The results achieved in this paper are consistent with previous research suggesting planned occupation associated with villages integrated within broader regional systems.
“…The results of locational analyses have shown how the quest for prominence, the visibility between sites and the environment, and mobility in areas prone to flooding could be decisive factors in terms of the location and distribution of mound sites [42]. Along similar lines, recent analyses in Patos lagoon (Brazil) propose a model of aquatic mobility which recognizes sailing as a key factor in the pattern of settlement [21] and visibility as a mechanism of territorial control [20]. The conclusions of these studies have been central arguments in discussing aspects such as the social organization of the communities, sedentarism and the nature of landscape transformations.…”
Section: A Spatial Approach In the South Atlantic Lowlandsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The emergence and development of these architectures have been considered as indicators of occupation processes with extremely heterogeneous sociopolitical trajectories [1,2,4,[11][12][13]. Different types of earthen constructions appear in the flood plains of the Orinoco [14], associated with the main watercourses and deltas of the Amazon River [1,2,12], on the coast of the Guayanas [8], on the Moxos Plains in Bolivia [15,16], in the deltas of the Paraná River and Uruguay River [17], in the wetlands of the upper Paraguay River [18,19] and in the basins of the coastal lagoons of the south of Brazil [20,21], as well as the east and northeast of Uruguay [22][23][24][25]. The observation of these transformations has given rise to the recognition of monumental landscapes [26], managed landscapes [27] and domesticated landscapes [4].…”
This paper presents new data on the spatial organization of mound-builder groups in the India Muerta wetlands, Uruguay. This area presents the beginning of land architecture in the region (ca. 4800–5000 years BP), associated with more arid climate. This construction tradition continues and intensifies, mainly from ca 3000 years BP, from the establishment of warmer and damper conditions. New sources of information and geospatial technologies have made it possible to locate mound sites with greater precision, as well as to analyze settlement patterns. Indigenous communities occupied areas of hills, plains and wetlands, showing differences but also regularities in spatial organization in each area. In the whole area, earthen mound complexes form groups of different orders, from regional to domestic units, configured by mounds, negative structures and limited spaces. The location of the mounds is primarily in dry areas, known locally as islands, which are prominent in the landscape during floods in this wetland-dominated environment. Through this analysis of the landscape, this work delves into the underlying logic of the social construction of the territory. The results achieved in this paper are consistent with previous research suggesting planned occupation associated with villages integrated within broader regional systems.
“…Estas abordagens estão até ao momento mais avançadas no sul do Brasil. De forma geral, as pesquisas são fundamentadas em características de implantação de sítios na paisagem e desenvolvem análises de visibilidade (CORTELETTI 2012;PERIN & OLIVEIRA, 2013) ou estudos em torno dos chamados "caminhos de menor custo" (KOZLOWSKI 2018;D'ÁVILA 2017;MILHEIRA 2021).…”
Uma das abordagens disponíveis na aplicação de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica em Arqueologia é a análise de caminhos de menor custo (Least Cost Paths ou LCP). Potenciais vias de acessibilidade no Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões foram modeladas, integrando sítios arqueológicos conhecidos. Conjuntos de LCP gerados com base no declive do terreno, assim como parâmetros associáveis a adaptações a regiões semiáridas e opções de natureza comportamental com potencial de influenciar a deslocação nesse território, foram testados. O uso do vale como acesso e o potencial de acessibilidade no entorno de quatro sítios arqueológicos foram analisados. Os resultados sugerem que fatores como a insolação e a (in)visibilidade podem oferecer alternativas na modelagem de padrões de movimentação na paisagem, com particular utilidade em regiões tropicais semiáridas, bem como num contexto de colonialidade.
“…Kozlowski e Corteletti (2019) usaram ambiente SIG e análise de custo de trânsito, considerando declividade, para estabelecer possíveis rotas de melhor acesso e mobilidade com base em dois sítios arqueológicos no município de Adrianópolis, Paraná. Já Milheira e colaboradores (Milheira et al, 2019;Milheira, 2021) buscaram contrastar possíveis rotas de trânsito terrestre e fluvial entre 394 sítios arqueológicos do tipo cerritos, para investigar sistemas de mobilidade na região circundante às lagoas dos Patos e Mirim, entre Brasil e Uruguai. A questão norteadora da pesquisa foi avaliar se a movimentação entre os cerritos teria sido preferencialmente terrestre ou aquática.…”
Resumo Este artigo apresenta algumas relações entre sítios arqueológicos georreferenciados com componentes pré-coloniais (classificados como exclusivamente pré-coloniais, de contato ou multicomponenciais), situados no estado de Minas Gerais, e alguns elementos da paisagem a partir de ferramentas de Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG). Dados sobre 2.091 sítios arqueológicos com componentes pré-coloniais foram compilados a partir de informações advindas de pesquisas acadêmicas, pesquisas realizadas para reconhecimento e/ou manejo de áreas de preservação em geral e pesquisas em âmbito de licenciamento ambiental. Com esse banco de dados, foram combinadas a localização dos sítios e camadas de dados ambientais, gerando algumas métricas básicas, apresentadas sob a forma de gráficos e mapas temáticos. Desse modo, algumas tendências gerais de implantação ambiental de diferentes tipos de sítios são ressaltadas. Ainda, ao fim do texto, são oferecidas algumas reflexões sobre as categorias que utilizamos para entender os resultados e os desafios de se trabalhar com bancos de dados como o que está aqui em discussão.
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