Viscosity of Electrolytes and Related Properties

Stokes, R. H.; Mills, Russell H.; Armstrong, H. L.

doi:10.1119/1.1972918

Cited by 138 publications

(186 citation statements)

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“…1.155±-0.065 [30] 1.165±0.039 [24] 1.24440.068 [13] Female 1.148±0.070 [23] 1.177±0.053 [26] 1.254±0.082 [26] More than 20% above ideal weight None 1.187i0.052 [21] 1.253±0.084 [32] Values are in centipoise at 37.0°C, given as mean±SD. The number of subjects in each grouip is shown in brackets.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbance of Serum Viscosity in Diabetes Mellitus

McMillan¹

1974

J. Clin. Invest.

112

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A B S T R A C T The serum viscosity of diabetic patients has been found to be increased. The elevation averaged 8% above healthy subjects and 6% above nondiabetic patients. The serum viscosity elevation was greater when diabetic sequelae associated with microangiopathy were present. No relation of serum viscosity to age, sex, obesity, duration of disease, or type of treatment was demonstrated. Serum total protein and glucose levels were found to be correlated with serum viscosity, and increases in their serum concentrations were observed in diabetes. Analysis demonstrated that their elevation did not explain either the viscosity increase or the difference in viscosity between diabetics with and without sequelae.Intrinsic viscosity, abbreviated [n], is a concentrationindependent solute property related to molecular shape.[n] was found to be 7% higher in diabetic than in normal serum. The [X7] difference accounted for at least half of the serum viscosity elevation. The rest of the increase was due to increased serum protein level and increased nonprotein solids, presumably glucose and lipid. Associated with increased [n] was a decline in albumin: globulin ratio and elevation of the acute phase reactant proteins, al-acid glycoprotein, al-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, and ceruloplasmin. Studies comparing diabetic and normal serum fractionated by using 21.5% sodium sulfate showed that changes in [n] were attributable to changes in serum protein composition rather than an inherent qualitative disturbance of protein present in one of the fractions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbance of Serum Viscosity in Diabetes Mellitus

McMillan¹

1974

J. Clin. Invest.

112

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“…where the always positive constant A is a function of solvent properties, ionic charges, mobilities and temperature (1). Numerically, A is fairly small (0.005 for K1, 0.0167 for Li,SO, at 25 "C).…”

Section: Phenonzenologicul Description Of the Viscosity Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerically, A is fairly small (0.005 for K1, 0.0167 for Li,SO, at 25 "C). Practically, the Falkenhagen equation was of little use in calculating viscosities since the square root term is swamped by a much larger linear term expressed in the empirical equation of Jones and Dole (1) where A is again Falkenhagen's theoretical coefficient while the empirical parameter B Can. J.…”

Section: Phenonzenologicul Description Of the Viscosity Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three major reviews of the subject have been written (1)(2)(3). Aside from the many empirical relations which have been explored for single and mixed electrolyte solutions, the major theoretical thrust for understanding the viscosity of electrolyte solutions has been in the dilute solution region (less than 0.1 M).…”

Section: Phenonzenologicul Description Of the Viscosity Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The viscosity of concentrated electrolyte solutions. I. Concentration dependence at fixed temperature

Goldsack¹,

Franchetto²

1977

Can. J. Chem.

123

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The absolute rate theory of viscosity for simple fluids has been extended to account for the concentration dependence of the viscosity of concentrated single electrolyte solutions (1-10 m region). Graphical and computer techniques for obtaining the two parameters (volume and free energy of activation) which control the concentration dependence of the viscosity of single salt solutions at fixed temperatures are described. The additivity of these parameters for single ions are discussed with reference to the alkali and ammonium halides at 25 "C and the B coefficients of the Jones-Dole equation.

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“…Substitution in eq. [6] for the values of DT, C, and D for the most dilute and most concentrated sucrose solutions studied, and solving for Dw gives Dw = 1.93 X lop9 m2 s-' for c = 0 . 2 7 m o l~-' , a n d~~= 1.31 x 10-9m2s-'forc=0.81mol L-'.…”

Section: Sucrose Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracer diffusion in aqueous sucrose and urea solutions

Easteal¹

1990

Can. J. Chem.

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ALLAN J. EASTEAL. Can. J. Chem. 68, 161 1 (1990). Tracer diffusion coefficients for water (as HTO), methanol ( I 4 C H 3 0~) , and acetonitrile (CT,CN) in aqueous sucrose (10-25% w/w) and urea (0.25-4 mol L -I ) solutions at 298 K have been determined using the diaphragm cell technique. For sucrose solutions tracer diffusion coefficients vary with the 213 power of the relative viscosity and the viscosity dependence is the same for the above tracers as for sucrose and oxygen. In urea solutions tracer diffusion coefficients appear to have a solute-specific viscosity dependence, but the solute specificity is largely removed when the effects of proton exchange and urea dimerisation are considered.

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Viscosity of Electrolytes and Related Properties

Cited by 138 publications

References 0 publications

Disturbance of Serum Viscosity in Diabetes Mellitus

Disturbance of Serum Viscosity in Diabetes Mellitus

The viscosity of concentrated electrolyte solutions. I. Concentration dependence at fixed temperature

Tracer diffusion in aqueous sucrose and urea solutions

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