Viscosity of anhydrous and hydrous peridotite melts

Genova, Danilo Di; Bondar, Dmitry; Zandonà, Alessio; Valdivia, Pedro; Al-Mukadam, Raschid; Fei, Hongzhan; Withers, A. C.; Ballaran, Tiziana Boffa; Kurnosov, Alexander; McCammon, Catherine; Deubener, Joachim; Katsura, Tomoo

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2023.121440

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Etna trachybasalt. Moreover, the excellent agreement of our F-DSC-derived viscosity (6.4 < log η < 8.5) with the parameterization of anhydrous Stromboli basalt proposed by this work, as well as by previous studies (Giordano et al 2008(Giordano et al , 2009Misiti et al 2009;Scarani et al 2022), demonstrates that the F-DSC approach represents a valuable tool for accessing unprecedented viscosity ranges, commonly restricted by melt crystallization and gas exsolution (Dingwell et al 2004;Al-Mukadam et al 2020;Langhammer et al 2021;Di Genova et al 2023).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

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Are volcanic melts less viscous than we thought? The case of Stromboli basalt

Valdivia

Zandonà

Kurnosov

et al. 2023

Contrib Mineral Petrol

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Melt viscosity is one of the most critical physical properties controlling magma transport dynamics and eruptive style. Although viscosity measurements are widely used to study and model the flow behavior of magmas, recent research has revealed that nanocrystallization of Fe–Ti-oxides can compromise the reliability of viscosity data. This phenomenon can occur during laboratory measurements around the glass transition temperature (Tg) and lead to the depletion of iron and titanium in the residual melt phase, with a significant increase in viscosity. Accurate viscosity measurements play a crucial role in determining the reliability of empirical models for magma viscosity, which are used to evaluate eruptive scenarios in hazardous areas. Here, we quantify the reliability of empirical models by elaborating a new viscosity model of Stromboli basalt that relies exclusively on viscosity data obtained from nanocrystal-free samples. We show that empirical models so far used to estimate melt viscosity at eruptive conditions overestimate Stromboli viscosity by a factor ranging between 2 and 5. In the context of numerical modelling of magmatic processes at Stromboli volcano, we analyse and interpret this finding. Based on our findings, we draw the conclusion that Stromboli basalt is anticipated to ascend from the storage area to the vent at a faster rate than previously hypothesized.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…7). This relationship has also been recently validated for peridotitic melts by Di Genova et al (2023):…”

Section: Viscosity Modellingmentioning

confidence: 92%

Are volcanic melts less viscous than we thought? The case of Stromboli basalt

Valdivia

Zandonà

Kurnosov

et al. 2023

Contrib Mineral Petrol

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“…Our compilation of viscosity measurements for ultramafic melts together with the corresponding melt compositions and their literature sources can be found as Supplementary Material. The compiled dataset includes five base melt compositions including peridotite (Dingwell et al, 2004;DiGenova et al, 2023), pyrolite (Casas et al, 2023), Fe-free and high-Ca peridotite (DiGenova et al, 2023) and oxidized or reduced equivalents. Melt compositions are reported in terms of the five major oxide components of ultramafic chemistry SiO2-Al2O3-FeO-MgO-CaO (wt%) as well as several minor oxide components (e.g.…”

Section: Data Compilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultramafic Melt Viscosity: A Model

Russell,

Hess,

Dingwell

2024

Preprint

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A non-Arrhenian model for the Newtonian viscosity (η) of ultramafic melts is presented. The model predicts the viscosity of ultramafic melts as a function of temperature (T), pressure (P), H2O content and for a range of melt compositions (70 < Mg# < 100). The calibration consists of 63 viscosity measurements at ambient pressure for 20 individual melt compositions and 5 high-P measurements on a single melt composition, all drawn from the literature. The data span 14 orders of magnitude of η (10-2 to 1011.8 Pa s), a T range of 880 to 2700K, pressures from 1 atm to 25 GPa, and include measurements on hydrous melts containing 0.2 to 4.4 wt% H2O. The T-dependence of viscosity is modelled with the VFT equation [log η = A + B / (T(K) − C)] whereby A is assumed to be a common, high-T limit for these melt compositions (i.e. log η= -5.4). The pressure and composition effects are parameterised in terms of 6 adjustable parameters in expanded forms of B and C. The viscosity model is continuous across T-P-composition space and can predict ancillary transport properties including glass transition temperatures (Tg) and melt fragility (m). Melt viscosity decreases markedly with increasing H2O content but increases significantly with increasing pressure and decreasing Mg# (i.e. higher Fe-content). We show strong systematic decreases in Tg and m with increasing H2O content whereas an increase in P causes a rise in Tg and decrease in m. The predictive capacity of this model for ultramafic melt viscosity makes it pertinent to the fields of volcanology, geophysics, petrology, and the material sciences. Moreover, it provides constraints on models of magma oceans on terrestrial planets and, the evolution of planetary atmospheres via magmatic degassing on exoplanets.

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“…The viscosity of the starting (homogeneous and crystal-free) parent melt was investigated also by flash differential scanning calorimetry (FDSC), according to the experimental procedure optimized in previous studies [33,34,37,39,40]. The used instrument was a Flash DSC 2+ (Mettler-Toledo) equipped with a UFH 1 sensor (operating range: -95 and +1000 °C) under constant flow of Ar 5.0 (40 ml min -1 ).…”

Section: (Flash) Differential Scanning Calorimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the permanence of the FDSC sample at high temperatures accounted to only few fractions of a second, effectively preventing undesired extensive chemical diffusion during the measurements. Despite its challenging requirements and the need to perform several measurements to ensure reproducibility, FDSC was also recently shown to be a very powerful tool to investigate the crystal-free viscosity of unstable melts that are prone to non-stoichiometric crystallization during experiments [40]. All in all, the results of this work consolidate the validity of a recently presented vademecum for the experimental investigation of the viscosity of unstable samples [23], suggesting a minimization of the high-temperature exposure during measurements and the use of Raman spectroscopy (or TEM) to evaluate material modifications possibly invalidating the results.…”

Section: Implications For Viscosity Measurements and Full-curve Param...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-stoichiometric crystal nucleation in a spodumene glass containing TiO2 as seed former: Effects on the viscosity of the residual melt

Zandonà,

Scarani,

Löschmann

et al. 2023

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

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Viscosity of anhydrous and hydrous peridotite melts

Cited by 7 publications

References 99 publications

Are volcanic melts less viscous than we thought? The case of Stromboli basalt

Are volcanic melts less viscous than we thought? The case of Stromboli basalt

Ultramafic Melt Viscosity: A Model

Non-stoichiometric crystal nucleation in a spodumene glass containing TiO2 as seed former: Effects on the viscosity of the residual melt

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