Viscosity and thermal conductivity of dispersions of sub-micron TiO2 particles in water prepared by stirred bead milling and ultrasonication

Silambarasan, M.; Manikandan, S.; Rajan, K.

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.08.030

Cited by 58 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Silambarasan et al [18] measured the viscosity of submicron TiO 2 particles in water with particle volume concentrations varying from 0.27 to 1.39 % and temperatures ranging from 29 to 55°C. The results showed that the viscosity increased almost linearly with an increase in the particle concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of volume concentration and temperature on viscosity and surface tension of graphene–water nanofluid for heat transfer applications

Ahammed

Asirvatham

Wongwises

2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

163

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In the present study, the effect of volume concentration (0.05, 0.1 and 0.15 %) and temperature (10-90°C) on viscosity and surface tension of graphene-water nanofluid has been experimentally measured. The sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is used as the surfactant for stable suspension of graphene. The results showed that the viscosity of graphene-water nanofluid increases with an increase in the volume concentration of nanoparticles and decreases with an increase in temperature. An average enhancement of 47.12 % in viscosity has been noted for 0.15 % volume concentration of graphene at 50°C. The enhancement of the viscosity of the nanofluid at higher volume concentration is due to the higher shear rate. In contrast, the surface tension of the graphenewater nanofluid decreases with an increase in both volume concentration and temperature. A decrement of 18.7 % in surface tension has been noted for the same volume concentration and temperature. The surface tension reduction in nanofluid at higher volume concentrations is due to the adsorption of nanoparticles at the liquid-gas interface because of hydrophobic nature of graphene; and at higher temperatures, is due to the weakening of molecular attractions between fluid molecules and nanoparticles. The viscosity and surface tension showed stronger dependency on volume concentration than temperature. Based on the calculated effectiveness of graphene-water nanofluids, it is suggested that the graphene-water nanofluid is preferable as the better coolant for the real-time heat transfer applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of volume concentration and temperature on viscosity and surface tension of graphene–water nanofluid for heat transfer applications

Ahammed

Asirvatham

Wongwises

2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

163

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“…By increasing the time of ultrasonication, sub-micron dispersions of lower relative viscosity and higher thermal conductivity ratio can be produced. [14].Nano coolant of MWCNT has a higher heat exchange capacity and efficiency than EG/W [16].Heat transfer rate and effectiveness is increased with increase in volume concentration of nano particles (ranging fro m 0% to 1% of Al 2 O 3 ). More pump ing power is needed for a radiator using nano fluid co mpared to that radiator using only base fluid.…”

Section: International Journal Of Advance Engineering and Research Dementioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of IC Engine Performance Using Nano Fluid as Coolant in Radiator – A Review

2014

IJAERD

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“…Colloidal chemistry states that reducing the size of a nanoparticle to a critical value leads to a no sedimentation phenomena due to Brownian motion of nanoparticles (diffusion). If Brownian velocity is greater than maximum settling velocity given by the Stokes equation, then dispersion stability prevails, Silambarasan and colleagues . But it is known that a smaller nanoparticle has a higher surface energy which increases the possibility of nanoparticle aggregation.…”

Section: Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If Brownian velocity is greater than maximum settling velocity given by the Stokes equation, then dispersion stability prevails, Silambarasan and colleagues. 20 But it is known that a smaller nanoparticle has a higher surface energy which increases the possibility of nanoparticle aggregation.…”

Section: Stabilit Ymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of nanofluid preparation, stability, and thermo‐physical properties

Dey

Kumar

Samantaray

2017

Heat Trans. Asian Res.

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This paper represents a comprehensive review on the preparation and stability of nanofluid, the convective heat transfer coefficient and different thermo‐physical properties such as thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, viscosity, and so on. Here, for each thermo‐physical property, measurement methods, enhancement mechanisms, and criticisms of different studies are also presented. However, based on the available literature, it is concluded that a nanofluid has, in general, better thermo‐physical properties even at a very low particle concentration (typically 1% or less) than conventional heat transfer fluids. The only drawback is high viscosity which leads to a higher pressure drop. At a very low particle concentration, this drawback can be minimized. Three tables are provided for three thermo‐physical properties namely thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and viscosity, which can be used as a ready reference for calculating the nanofluid properties.

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Viscosity and thermal conductivity of dispersions of sub-micron TiO2 particles in water prepared by stirred bead milling and ultrasonication

Cited by 58 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of volume concentration and temperature on viscosity and surface tension of graphene–water nanofluid for heat transfer applications

Effect of volume concentration and temperature on viscosity and surface tension of graphene–water nanofluid for heat transfer applications

Analysis of IC Engine Performance Using Nano Fluid as Coolant in Radiator – A Review

A review of nanofluid preparation, stability, and thermo‐physical properties

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