Viscosity and diffusivity in melts: from unary to multicomponent systems

Chen, Weimin; Zhang, Lijun; Du, Yong; Huang, Baiyun

doi:10.1080/14786435.2014.890755

Cited by 47 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In the present work, MOBCU includes also the atomic mobility data for the liquid phase. As mentioned in Section Development Strategy, for those liquid systems without experimental diffusion data, the recently proposed modified Sutherland equation [21] is utilized to estimate the Arrhenius formula for the self-diffusivity and impurity diffusivity in pure metallic melts. The expressions for estimated Arrhenius formula of self-and impurity diffusivities are given below as [21]: …”

Section: Modified Sutherland Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, the calculated diffusivity in the liquid state is independent of temperature and concentration. However, the recent research work [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] has demonstrated that accurate liquid diffusivity data is the prerequisite for a quantitative simulation of microstructural evolution during solidification. Therefore, it is of great urgency to establish accurate atomic mobility databases for the liquid phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is of great urgency to establish accurate atomic mobility databases for the liquid phase. Recently, Chen et al [21] proposed a modified Introduction to Diffusion Module and Precipitation Module. The Diffusion Module, known as DICTRA [16,17] previously, is now an add-on module to Thermo-Calc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetic Simulations of Diffusion-Controlled Phase Transformations in Cu-Based Alloys

Tang

Chen

Engström

2018

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Abstract. In this chapter, we present kinetic simulations of diffusion-controlled phase transformations in Cu-based alloys by using our most recently developed atomic mobility database (MOBCU) for copper alloys. This database consists of 29 elements including most common ones for industrial copper alloys. It contains descriptions for both the liquid and Fcc_A1 phases. The database was developed through a hybrid CALPHAD approach based on experiments, first-principles calculations, and empirical rules. We demonstrate that by coupling the created mobility database with the existing compatible thermodynamic database (TCCU), all kinds of diffusivities in both solid solution and liquid phases in Cu-based alloys can be readily calculated. Furthermore, we have applied the combination of MOBCU and TCCU to simulate diffusion-controlled phenomena, such as solidification, nucleation, growth, and coarsening of precipitates by using the kinetic modules (DICTRA and TC-PRISMA) in the Thermo-Calc software package. Many examples of simulations for different alloys are shown and compared with experimental observations. The remarkable agreements between calculation and experimental results suggest that the atomic mobilities for Cu-based alloys have been satisfactorily described. This newly developed mobility database is expected to be continuously improved and extended in future and will provide fundamental kinetic data for computer-aided design of copper base alloys.

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Section: Modified Sutherland Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetic Simulations of Diffusion-Controlled Phase Transformations in Cu-Based Alloys

Tang

Chen

Engström

2018

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“…The order of magnitude of the diffusion coefficients through liquid metals is 10 À9 m 2 /s. [24,40] Let us consider the average thickness of the Zn-Ti layer of d Zn = 45 lm (see Table IV) and the average cooling / diffusion time of t c = 40 seconds (see Figure 7). Substituting these values into Eq.…”

Section: Diffusion Of Ti Atoms Through the Liquid Zn Bathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing the Color of Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Sheet Through Destructive Light Interference Using a Zn-Ti Liquid Metallic Bath

Lévai

Godzsák

Törók

et al. 2016

Metall Mater Trans A

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The color of hot-dip galvanized steel sheet was adjusted in a reproducible way using a liquid Zn-Ti metallic bath, air atmosphere, and controlling the bath temperature as the only experi mental parame ter. Coloring was found only for sample s cooled in air and dipped into Ti-containing liquid Zn. For samples dipped into a 0.15 wt pct Ti-containing Zn bath, the color remained metallic (gray) below a 792 K (519°C) bath temperature; it was yellow at 814 K ± 22 K (541°C ± 22°C), violet at 847 K ± 10 K (574°C ± 10°C), and blue at 873 K ± 15 K (600°C ± 15°C). With the increasing bath temperature, the thickness of the adhered Zn-Ti layer gradually decreased from 52 to 32 micrometers, while the thickness of the outer TiO 2 layer gradually increased from 24 to 69 nm. Due to small Al contamination of the Zn bath, a thin (around 2 nm) alumina-rich layer is found between the outer TiO 2 layer and the inner macroscopic Zn layer. It is proven that the color change was governed by the formation of thin outer TiO 2 layer; different colors appear depending on the thickness of this layer, mostly due to the destructive interference of visible light on this transparent nano-layer. A complex model was built to explain the results using known relationships of chemical thermodynamics, adhesion, heat flow, kinetics of chemical reactions, diffusion, and optics. The complex model was able to reproduce the observations and allowed making predictions on the color of the hot-dip galvanized steel sample, as a function of the following experimental parameters: temperature and Ti content of the Zn bath, oxygen content, pressure, temperature and flow rate of the cooling gas, dimensions of the steel sheet, velocity of dipping the steel sheet into the Zn-Ti bath, residence time of the steel sheet within the bath, and the velocity of its removal from the bath. These relationships will be valuable for planning further experiments and technologies on color hot-dip galvanization of steel by Zn-Ti alloys.

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“…Moreover, a project aiming at development of atomic mobility database in the Sn-Ag-Bi-Cu-In-Pb solder alloy via an integration of experimental measurement, DICTRA (DIffusion-Controlled TRAnsformation) simulation and atomistic simulation is currently carried out in our research group. Up to now, the atomic mobility database for liquid phase in Sn-Ag-BiCu-In-Pb solder has been established by Chen et al [7][8][9] using a modified Sutherland equation [10] and the phenomenological treatment of diffusion in liquid [11,12]. The established liquid atomic mobility database was also successfully applied to simulate the dissolution of Ag and Cu substrates into liquid solder alloys during the reflow process [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-throughput determination of the composition-dependent interdiffusivities in Cu-rich fcc Cu–Ag–Sn alloys at 1073 K

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2015

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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Viscosity and diffusivity in melts: from unary to multicomponent systems

Cited by 47 publications

References 53 publications

Kinetic Simulations of Diffusion-Controlled Phase Transformations in Cu-Based Alloys

Kinetic Simulations of Diffusion-Controlled Phase Transformations in Cu-Based Alloys

Designing the Color of Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Sheet Through Destructive Light Interference Using a Zn-Ti Liquid Metallic Bath

High-throughput determination of the composition-dependent interdiffusivities in Cu-rich fcc Cu–Ag–Sn alloys at 1073 K

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