Viscoelasticity of Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Suspensions

Hough, Loren E.; Islam, Mohammad F.; Janmey, Paul A.; Yodh, Arjun G.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.93.168102

Cited by 189 publications

(223 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For very low densities the struts have been found to be isolated, or in small clusters, and macroscopically the network does not percolate [9]; a similar rigidity percolation has been found by Hough et al [28] in carbon nanotube suspensions. In our simulations we find that for systems with an average connectivity of three or less the material does not resist small deformations.…”

Section: Prl 98 238103 (2007) P H Y S I C a L R E V I E W L E T T E R Ssupporting

confidence: 76%

“Bending to Stretching” Transition in Disordered Networks

Buxton

Clarke²

2007

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Section: Prl 98 238103 (2007) P H Y S I C a L R E V I E W L E T T E R Ssupporting

confidence: 76%

“Bending to Stretching” Transition in Disordered Networks

Buxton

Clarke²

2007

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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“…The rheological data that we present below confirm that the sample at w > w g is a physical gel; hence, the transition is a percolation phenomenon 23 , i.e., a continuous network of connected rods is established that spans the macroscopic sample and prevents the system from flowing. Because the threshold particle fraction for percolation decreases with increasing aspect ratio L/d of the particles, just like the threshold for LC formation, this relationship would suggest that any attempt to promote liquid crystallinity would also promote percolation and the related gelation.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Fractionation of cellulose nanocrystals: enhancing liquid crystal ordering without promoting gelation

et al. 2018

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Colloids of electrically charged nanorods can spontaneously develop a fluid yet ordered liquid crystal phase, but this ordering competes with a tendency to form a gel of percolating rods. The threshold for ordering is reduced by increasing the rod aspect ratio, but the percolation threshold is also reduced with this change; hence, prediction of the outcome is nontrivial. Here, we show that by establishing the phase behavior of suspensions of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) fractionated according to length, an increased aspect ratio can strongly favor liquid crystallinity without necessarily influencing gelation. Gelation is instead triggered by increasing the counterion concentration until the CNCs lose colloidal stability, triggering linear aggregation, which promotes percolation regardless of the original rod aspect ratio. Our results shine new light on the competition between liquid crystal formation and gelation in nanoparticle suspensions and provide a path for enhanced control of CNC self-organization for applications in photonic crystal paper or advanced composites.

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“…Thus, no other liquid crystal phase apart from the nematic phase has been reported thus far, [47][48][49][50] and a glass transition was reported only for very welldispersed carbon nanotubes at a very low threshold concentration. 32 The difficulty in observing higher-order liquid crystal phases with carbon nanotubes is also a result of the large size distribution of the tube length.…”

Section: Extraction Of Cncs From Biological Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For single-wall carbon nanotubes, such kinetic arrest has been experimentally determined to take place directly from the isotropic liquid state at the extremely low rod volume fraction of B0.003. 32 Here, the high length polydispersity and extreme aspect ratio of carbon nanotubes have important roles in triggering the glass transition before any liquid crystalline ordering. Although the corresponding gelation phenomenon of CNCs (typically occurring at higher particle concentrations) is well-known, its consequences on the liquid crystal behavior and the structure that is finally obtained in dried samples has thus far not been discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose nanocrystal-based materials: from liquid crystal self-assembly and glass formation to multifunctional thin films

et al. 2014

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Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), produced by the acid hydrolysis of wood, cotton or other cellulose-rich sources, constitute a renewable nanosized raw material with a broad range of envisaged uses: for example, in composites, cosmetics and medical devices. The intriguing ability of CNCs to self-organize into a chiral nematic (cholesteric) liquid crystal phase with a helical arrangement has attracted significant interest, resulting in much research effort, as this arrangement gives dried CNC films a photonic band gap. The films thus acquire attractive optical properties, creating possibilities for use in applications such as security papers and mirrorless lasing. In this critical review, we discuss the sensitive balance between glass formation and liquid crystal self-assembly that governs the formation of the desired helical structure. We show that several as yet unclarified observations-some constituting severe obstacles for applications of CNCs-may result from competition between the two phenomena. Moreover, by comparison with the corresponding self-assembly processes of other rod-like nanoparticles, for example, carbon nanotubes and fd virus particles, we outline how further liquid crystal ordering phenomena may be expected from CNCs if the suspension parameters can be better controlled. Alternative interpretations of some unexpected phenomena are provided, and topics for future research are identified, as are new potential application strategies. NPG Asia Materials (2014) 6, e80; doi:10.1038/am.2013.69; published online 10 January 2014Keywords: cholesteric; gel; glass; liquid crystal; nanocellulose; photonic crystal; self-assembly INTRODUCTION Nanomaterials based on renewable resources are attracting rapidly growing interest, both from a fundamental scientific point of view and from the perspective of developing novel structural and functional macroscopic materials. 1,2 Using nature-based nanomaterials offers ecological advantages, and the extraordinary mechanical performance and/or photonic crystal character of biological composites such as bone, nacre, wood, beetle scales and butterfly wings is also an important inspiration for the development of new multifunctional materials. [3][4][5] However, full utilization of the intrinsic properties of nanosized starting materials requires the development of robust and versatile synthetic and processing routes to control assembly over several length scales. [6][7][8] Cellulose, one of the most versatile and widely found biopolymers in nature, has been used by humans for millennia as a building material, an energy source, a component of clothing and for storing and sharing knowledge and culture. Today, cellulose materials are used in a wide range of applications, and the paper and pulp industry

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Viscoelasticity of Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Suspensions

Cited by 189 publications

References 25 publications

“Bending to Stretching” Transition in Disordered Networks

“Bending to Stretching” Transition in Disordered Networks

Fractionation of cellulose nanocrystals: enhancing liquid crystal ordering without promoting gelation

Cellulose nanocrystal-based materials: from liquid crystal self-assembly and glass formation to multifunctional thin films

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