Viscoelasticity, mechanical properties, and in vitro biodegradation of injectable chitosan-poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/nanohydroxyapatite composite hydrogel

Abstract

A novel injectable composite hydrogel based on chitosan and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) reinforced with nanohydroxyapatite particles was synthesized. The chemical structure and morphology of the composite hydrogel were characterized. The composite hydrogel porosity, swelling, mechanical properties, viscoelasticity and in vitro biodegradation were also examined. Compared with the non-reinforced hydrogel, the composite hydrogel showed increased compressive strength, elastic modulus, viscous modulus, stiffness and had shear-thinning behaviour proving the injectability of the system. Swelling and biodegradation studies revealed that the composite scaffold possesses proper hydrophilicity and biodegradability. These properties make this composite hydrogel a promising injectable scaffold for bone regeneration.

Viscoelasticity, Mechanical Properties, and In Vitro Bioactivity of Gelatin/Borosilicate Bioactive Glass Nanocomposite Hydrogels as Potential Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

“…Secondly, as shown in Figure 7 , the G* values did not improve with increasing angular frequency for the nanocomposite hydrogels with low BBG content (3 wt.%), but there was a substantial increase in this property with high BBG content (5 wt.%). The G* values of the nanocomposite hydrogel reinforced with 5 wt.% BBG were 65 ± 1.06 KPa at 25 rad/s, 75 ± 1.71 KPa at 100 rad/s, and 85 ± 1.42 KPa at 200 rad/s, respectively, which were consistent with previously published G* values for cancellous bone scaffolds [ 24 ]. Finally, it is accepted that for simply elastic materials δ = 0°, and for pure viscous materials δ = 90°, values between 0° and 45° may be appropriate for viscoelastic materials [ 21 ].…”

“…First, as shown in Figure 6 , the G″ values were less than the G′ values over the frequency range studied for all of the hydrogel samples, which confirms that the hydrogels are elastic rather than fluid-like in nature [ 24 ]. There was no meaningful change in G′ or G″ values with an increasing angular frequency (1–200 rad/s).…”

Surface Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) Nanocomposites Reinforced by Nano-Sized Silica (SiO2) for Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry

“…Development of nanomaterials has strengthened many applications in medicine and dentistry [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Polymeric nanocomposites are a class of nanomaterials in which nanoscale particulates such as spherical inorganic minerals are dispersed within polymeric matrices [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Compared to pure polymers, polymeric nanocomposites are claimed to show markedly improved properties, such as modulus, strength, dimensional stability, electrical conductivity, barrier performance, solvent resistance, biocompatibility, low plaque affinity, good aesthetics, and characteristics close to dental structure depending on type and content of the nanofiller particles used [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Biodegradable and antibacterial poly(azomethine‐urethane)‐chitosan hydrogels for potential drug delivery application

“…Hydrogels can be obtained by using both natural polymers such as chitosan (CS), starch, or alginates, synthetic polymers such as poly(vinyl alcohol) or polyurethane, and so on. Compared with synthetic polymers, the natural polymers particularly fill the gaps that are needed in specific biomedical applications due to their good biological performance such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, abundance in nature, injectability, similarities to a cellular matrix and low‐cost production . Among the natural polymers, CS is an attractive candidate to obtain hydrogels and the properties of the prepared hydrogels such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, antibacterial effect, flexibility, and low toxicity have been significantly increased with the use of CS‐based polymer as raw material for fabricating hydrogels .…”

“…Compared with synthetic polymers, the natural polymers particularly fill the gaps that are needed in specific biomedical applications due to their good biological performance such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, abundance in nature, injectability, similarities to a cellular matrix and low-cost production. [12][13][14][15] Among the natural polymers, CS is an attractive candidate to obtain hydrogels and the properties of the prepared hydrogels such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, antibacterial effect, flexibility, and low toxicity have been significantly increased with the use of CS-based polymer as raw material for fabricating hydrogels. [16][17][18] Moreover, the use of hydrogels containing synthetic and natural polymers with well-arranged surfaces and pores has been attracted much attention for drug delivery and wound dressing applications due to their biocompatible and biodegradable in recent years.…”