Viscoelastic ferrogel: dynamic magnetic susceptibilities

Raǐkher, Yu. L.; Rusakov, V. V.

doi:10.1590/s0103-97332001000300006

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Due to their unique magnetoelastic properties, intelligent or smart FGs are the object of numerous theoretical investigations. [16,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27] In the future, they are believed to play an important role in different applications such as switches, sensors, micromachines, biomimetic energy-transducing devices, controlled delivery systems and hyperthermia treatment as well as actuators, active vibration control and artificial muscles. [28][29][30] Except one poly(dimethylsiloxane) FG, [29] all mentioned papers deal with aqueous systems, such as with magnetic hydrogels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Starting from FFs, another kind of magnetically responsive soft materials known as ferrogels (FGs)10–20 have been described. Due to their unique magnetoelastic properties, intelligent or smart FGs are the object of numerous theoretical investigations 16,21–27. In the future, they are believed to play an important role in different applications such as switches, sensors, micromachines, biomimetic energy‐transducing devices, controlled delivery systems and hyperthermia treatment as well as actuators, active vibration control and artificial muscles 28–30.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermoreversible Ferrogels

Lattermann

Krekhova

2006

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Summary: For the first time, thermoreversible ferrogels (FG) by physical gelation of ferrofluids have been described. Finavestan A80B paraffin oil in a concentration range of the gelator KRATON G‐1650 with Cgelator = 3–10 wt.‐%, was used to obtain stable and homogeneous FGs. TEM micrographs revealed that the magnetite particles are preferably located in the ‘free’ paraffin phase between micellar domains of the gelator. So, the magnetite nanoparticles make visible a ‘negative’ picture of the structure of the micellar domains of the gel, which is observed in the pure gel as a ‘positive’ image. The mean diameter of the polystyrene cores is $\overline d$ = 17 nm, and that of the magnetite particles is $\overline d$ = 7 nm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoreversible Ferrogels

Lattermann

Krekhova

2006

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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“…Shortly after the introduction of ferrogels in the late 90s, the first theoretical models were suggested at macroscopic level for both isotropic and anisotropic ferrogels. Raikher and Rusakov (2001) were among the first to introduce a magnetomechanical model for ferrogels with a focus on magnetodynamics of viscoelastic ferrogels. Ever since, several other models have also been proposed at both small and finite strains (Allahyarov et al, 2014; Diguet et al, 2009; Filipcsei and Zrínyi, 2010; Morozov et al, 2009; Raikher and Stolbov, 2003, 2005, 2008; Voltairas et al, 2003; Zubarev, 2012; Zubarev and Elkady, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a continuum model for ferrogels

Attaran

Brummund

Wallmersperger

2016

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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A systematic development of a continuum model is presented, which is capable of describing the magneto-mechanical behavior of magnetic polymer gels commonly referred to as “ferrogels”. In the present research, ferrogels are treated as multicomponent, multiphase materials. They consist of a polymer network (P), fixed magnetic particles (f), mobile magnetic particles (m), and liquid (L). By considering ferrogels as multicomponent materials, interaction among constituents of ferrogels can be captured. This helps in understanding the process occurring inside ferrogels under the influence of external stimuli, such as magnetic fields. In our modeling approach, the field equations of ferrogels are derived within the framework of the theory of mixtures. The basic equations include Maxwell’s equations, balance of mass, linear momentum, angular momentum, energy, and entropy. In the framework of the theory of mixtures, balance relations are first presented at the constituent level also referred to as partial balance relations. By summing partial balance relations over all constituents and imposing the restrictions of theory of mixtures, balance relations of mixture (for the ferrogel) are obtained. In the current work the specific magnetization (magnetization per density) is considered as an evolving variable. It is demonstrated that balance of angular momentum is satisfied using the evolution equation of specific magnetization and constitutive laws. In the process of modeling, a suitable free energy function is introduced and thermodynamically consistent constitutive laws are formulated. Introducing certain assumptions, a reduced model of the ferrogel, a coupled magneto-mechanical formulation, is subsequently presented. The reduced model consists only of a polymer network (P) and fixed magnetic particles (f). It is concluded that the reduced model compares well to the existing ones in the literature. The magneto-mechanical problem based on the reduced model is solved in 2D using the finite element method. The only unknowns for the finite element method implementation are mechanical displacement and magnetic potential. Deformation of a ferrogel in a magnetic field is subsequently investigated. Elongation and contraction of a ferrogel are observed when a magnetic field is applied in the x- and y-directions, respectively. The numerical results were compared with existing experimental work in the literature. A good qualitative agreement was found between numerical and experimental results.

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“…1 Also, enhancements in elastic behavior with applied magnetic field have been reported. 5,8,[42][43][44][45] It is important to emphasize that these novel magneto-responsive soft materials contain small amounts of magnetic nanoparticles, typically in the order of 10-30% by wt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced rheological properties of dilute suspensions of magnetic nanoparticles in a concentrated amphiphilic surfactant solution

Santiago-Quiñonez

Rinaldi

2012

Soft Matter

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We present an experimental study of the magnetorheological response of dilute suspensions of magnetic nanoparticles in concentrated amphiphilic surfactant solutions. Low particle content (<0.4% v/v) induced significant increase in viscosity, enhancing the shear thinning behavior observed in the absence of the nanoparticles. A magnetic field induced yield stress of up to 10 Pa at magnetic fields of up to 0.4 T was also observed. Experiments under small amplitude oscillatory shear indicate a transition from viscous to elastic behavior at a critical magnetic field which depends on the frequency of the oscillatory shear. At low applied magnetic fields loss and storage moduli are independent of the magnetic field and increase with the frequency of the oscillatory shear. At high applied magnetic fields both the loss and storage moduli seem to asymptote to a power law dependence on the magnetic field magnitude. These results illustrate the possibility of inducing dramatic changes in the rheological properties of complex fluids by addition of minute amounts of magnetic nanoparticles and application of magnetic fields.

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Viscoelastic ferrogel: dynamic magnetic susceptibilities

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Thermoreversible Ferrogels

Thermoreversible Ferrogels

Development of a continuum model for ferrogels

Enhanced rheological properties of dilute suspensions of magnetic nanoparticles in a concentrated amphiphilic surfactant solution

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